P2 - Particles and Radiation Flashcards
What is the specific charge?
Charge to masss ratio
Which letter denotes proton number?
Z
Which letter denotes nucleon number?
A
What does the strong force do?
Keep the nuclei stable by counteracting the electrostatic force of repulsion between protons in the nucleus.
What is annihilation?
Particle-antiparticle collision where their masses are converted into energy released as gamma photons.
What is pair production?
A high energy photon converted into a particle-antiparticle pair
What is the exchange particle in the strong interaction?
Gluon
What is the exchange particle in the weak force?
W-/W+ boson
What is the range of the weak force?
10^-18
Which particles does the strong force act on?
Hadrons
Which particles does the weak force act on?
All particles
Which particles does the EM force act on?
All charged particles
Which particles does the gravity force act on?
All particles with mass.
Which interactions is the wear force responsible for?
Beta decay, electron capture, electron-proton collisions.
What is the equation and particle for electron capture?
p + e- >(W+)> n+Ve
What is the equation and particle for electron proton collisions?
p + e- <(W-)< n+Ve
What is the equation and particle for beta plus decay?
p > n + (e+) + Ve
What is the equation and particle for beta minus decay?
n >W-> p + e + AntiVe
When must strangeness be conserved?
During strong interactions ONLY
What is the photoelectric effect?
Where photoelectrons are emitted from the surface of a metal after light above the threshold frequency is shone on it.
Which light theory does the photoelectric effect disprove?
The wave theory.
What does the particle theory of light suggest?
- EM waves travel in packets (photons)
- Each electron can absorb a single photon
- Increasing intensity of light increases the amount of photons released.
What is the work function?
The minimum energy needed to release electrons from the surface of a metal.
What is the stopping potential of a metal?
The maximum PD you would need to apply across the metal to stop the particles with the maximum kinetic energy.
How do you get a line spectrum?
Pass light form a fluorescent tube through a diffraction grating.
What kind of spectrum is discrete?
Line spectrum
What kind of spectrum is continuous?
Absorption spectrum
What is an example of light acting as a wave?
Diffraction and interference
What is an example of light acting as a particle?
Photoelectric effect
When do you use de Broglie wavelengths?
When you are told the mass
