(P2) Lab 9 Q&A Set 3 Flashcards
A 44-year-old man complained to his physician of burning pain on his chest, especially when his clothes rubbed against it, and an itchy feeling in the same area. The patient was diagnosed with herpes zoster 3 weeks ago, but the painful rush on his chest disappeared after 8 days. The physician made a presumptive diagnosis and ordered a drug to allay pain. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for this patient?
Tramadol
A44-year-old man who underwent surgery to remove a lung cancer exhibited pronounced shivering upon recovering from surgery. An appropriate therapy was started that included fluid warming and an intravenous injection of a drug. Which of the following drugs was most likely administered?
Meperidine
Indomethacin
- Define:*
- USE:*
is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used as a
prescription medication* to *reduce fever, pain, stiffness, and swelling from inflammation.
Indomethacin
MOA :
It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, endogenous signaling molecules known to cause these symptoms.
It does this by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the production of prostaglandins.
indomethacin
AE :
Many NSAIDs, but particularly indometacin, cause lithium retention by reducing its excretion by the kidneys. Thus indometacin users have an elevated risk of lithium toxicity. For patients taking lithium (e.g. for treatment of depression or bipolar disorder), less toxic NSAIDs such as sulindac or aspirin are preferred.
All NSAIDs, including indometacin, also increase plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels, and increase sodium and potassium retention. Vasopressin activity is also enhanced.
Together these may lead to:
Edema (swelling due to fluid retention)
Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels)
Hypernatremia (high sodium levels)
Hypertension
A baby boy, born after normal delivery, presented with re- spiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, and low Apgar scores. His mother received two intramuscular injections of an analgesic drug 3 and 2 hours before the delivery because of strong erratic and very painful contractions. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for the baby at this time?
Naloxone
Albuterol and ipratropium
Are considered to be what type of agents?
Albuterol and ipratropium
are bronchodilating agents -
therefore useless in case of depression of the respiratory center.
Flumazenil can counteract the depressive CNS effects induced by ______, but not the ones induced by ______
-Benzodiazepines
-opioids
A baby boy, born after normal delivery, presented with respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, and low Apgar scores. His mother received two intramuscular injections of an analgesic drug 3 and 2 hours before the delivery because of strong erratic and very painful contractions
Q:
diazepam is an analgesic drug and causes all the symptoms shown by the baby.
T or F
False
diazepam _is not an analgesic dru_g
Diazepam**, first marketed as **Valium-medicine of the benzodiazepine family that typically produces a calming effect.
- It is commonly used to treat a range of conditions, including anxiety, seizures, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, muscle spasms, trouble sleeping, and restless legs syndrome.*
- It may also be used to cause memory loss during certain medical procedures*
A 58-year-old woman was about to be discharged from the hospital after a hysterectomy. Her past medical history was significant for duodenal ulcer, which healed 1 year ago after appropriate therapy. Because the patient still complained of some episodic abdominal pain, a postdischarge analgesic was prescribed. Which of the following drug combinations would be appropriate for this patient?
Codeine/acetaminophen
A 34-year-old heroin addict was determined to “quit the habit” and started a detoxification program supervised by a certified physician. The program included the administration of a buprenorphine/naloxone combination to be given by the sublingual route. Which of the following was most likely the reason for using naloxone in the patient’s detoxication program?
To discourage the intravenous abuse of buprenorphine
A 68-year-old woman with breast cancer metastases complained to her physician of a dull bone pain that had been increasing over the past few days. The pain was initially relieved by ibuprofen, but now the drug was unable to control it. The patient described the pain as continuous but moderate. The physician decided to add to ibuprofen a drug whose analgesic effect is most likely due to its conversion to morphine. Which of the following drugs was most likely prescribed?
Codeine
This drug is sometimes used to decrease alcohol craving in alcoholics?
Naloxone
This drug acts mainly by increasing the nonvesicular release of dopamine from dopaminergic neurons.
Amphetamine
There are three main types:
1. amphetamine sulphate, more commonly known as “Speed”(also known by its trade name, Benzedrine );
2. dextroamphetamine ( Dexedrine or “Dexy’s Midnight Runners”)
3. methamphetamine (Methedrine or “Meth”), the most potent of the three.
The elimination of this drug follows mainly zero-order kinetics.
Ethanol
This drug is used in heroin detoxification programs.
Buprenorphine
The central effects of this drug are most likely mediated by the activation of type B gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABAB) receptors.
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid
A 28-year-old man was brought to the psychiatric clinic by the police after he attempted to assault a woman in the street. The man presented with elevated mood, rapid speech, muscle twitching, and dilated pupils. He kept on scratching himself repeatedly because he stated that “bugs are crawling under my skin.” Vital signs were blood pressure 170/105, heart rate 120 bpm, respirations 20 /min. After a short time, stereotyped behavior developed accompanied by paranoid delusions, but the man remained oriented and alert. Which of the following drugs most likely caused the patient’s syndrome?
Cocaine
A 44-year-old man was a regular user of high doses of cocaine. Which of the following signs and symptoms was most likely prominent in this person, shortly after the administration of the drug?
Stereotyped behavior
The mother of a 16-year-old boy noticed a change in her son’s behavior. When he returned home in the evening after meeting with his friends, he was always very hungry, despite having eaten his dinner. He always appeared happy, would find everything amusing, and laughed a lot. Occasionally, his eyes would be rather red. In the morning he was reluctant to go to school and did not appear to care whether he did well or not. A drug with which of the following mechanisms of action was he most likely abusing?
Activation of cannabinoid receptors
An 18-year-old girl who had never used recreational drugs joined in smoking multiple marijuana cigarettes at a party. Which of the following signs and symptoms did the girl most likely experience just after smoking?
Increased heart rate
A 33-year-old man was in his physician’s office because he started to perceive flashes of colors and fleeting movements of strange objects as he entered a dark room. The man, who was an alcoholic and an occasional user of recreational drugs, took two tablets of an illegal drug while at a party 2 months ago. Which of the following syndromes most likely accounted for the patient’s symptoms?
LSD flashbacks
A 42-year-old woman complained to her doctor about in- creasing anxiety, insomnia, irritability, and severe craving for cigarettes. The patient, who was a two-pack-a-day smoker for 15 years, had recently quit smoking. The physician prescribed a drug that could relieve her symptoms.
Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate for this patient?
Bupropion
morphine (opioid) crosses the placenta
T** or **F
TRUE
