Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CAM304 - ANATOMY > P2: External Skull > Flashcards

P2: External Skull Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones (excluding teeth and the six auditory ossicles) are there in the skull?

A

22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of joints are between the 22 bones of the skull?

A

Fibrous joints (sutures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the non-fibrous joints in the skull?

A
  1. Joints between auditory ossicles

2. TMJ - Synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two main divisions of the skull for descriptive purposes?

A

Neurocranium (also divided into cranial vault/calveria and cranial base/floor) and facial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the bones of the facial skeleton

A
  1. Mandible
  2. Maxilla (x2)
  3. Zygomatic (x2)
  4. Lacrimal (x2)
  5. Nasal (x2)
  6. Inferior nasal concha (x2)
  7. Palatine (x2)
  8. Vomer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the bones of the neurocranium

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Occipital
  3. Parietal (x2)
  4. Temporal (x2)
  5. Ethmoid
  6. Sphenoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the large suture on the calvaria (skull cap/cranial vault)

A
  1. Coronal
  2. Sagittal
  3. Lambdoid
  4. Squamous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which sutures meet at the lambda?

A

Sagittal and lambdoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which sutures meet at the bregma?

A

Coronal and sagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which sutures meet at the asterion?

A

Lambdoid and squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the pterion?

A

A region where the frontal, temporal, parietal and sphenoid bones all come together. It is located posterior to the temple.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the nasion?

A

The intersection between the frontal bone and the nasal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the vertex?

A

Highest point of the skull (posterior to the bregma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the inion?

A

Most prominent part of the external occipital protuberance (large palpable bump on occipital bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of joint do teeth articulate with in the alveolar processes?

A

Gomphoses (fibrous socket joints)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is the mandibular foramen on the medial or lateral aspect of the rams of the mandible?

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What runs through the mandibular foramen into the mandibular canal?

A
  1. Inferior alveolar artery
  2. Inferior alveolar nerve (which is a branch of V3 - mandibular division of trigeminal nerve). Becomes mental nerve when it exits the mandibular canal through the mental foramen anterolaterally.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What emerges from the mental canal in the mandible?

A

Mental nerve & vessels (from inferior alveolar nerve & vessels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the anatomy of the superior nuchal line?

A

It extends laterally from the inion (external occipital protuberance) and is the site of attachment for the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, splenuis capitus and the occipitalis muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which bones form the zygomatic arch?

A

Temporal process of zygomatic bone, and zygomatic process of temporal bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is the temporal fossa?

A

Superior to the zygomatic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the infratemporal fossa?

A

Deep to the ramus of the mandible, and inferior to the zygomatic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which which bones does the frontal process of the maxilla articulate?

A

Frontal, Nasal, Lacrimal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which part of the maxilla contains the sockets for the teeth?

A

Superior alveolar process (located inferiorly on maxilla)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the lateral pterygoid plate, and where is it located?

A

Part of the sphenoid bone; forms part of the infratemporal fossa wall posterior to the maxilla.

26
Q

Where is the pterygomaxillary fissure located?

A

Between the lateral pterygoid plate and the maxilla

27
Q

Where is the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Deep to the superior part of the pterygomaxillary fissure

28
Q

Which bones articulate with the greater wing of the sphenoid? Describe it’s location.

A

Frontal, parietal, zygomatic and squamous part of the temporal bone. It is located anteriorly in the temporal fossa.

29
Q

Which foramen is posterior to the zygomatic arch?

A

external acoustic/auditory meatus

30
Q

The orbit has four walls: Superior, Inferior, Medial & Lateral. Which bones make up each of the walls?

A
  1. Superior: frontal bone
  2. Inferior: Maxilla
  3. Lateral: zygomatic & sphenoid
  4. Medial: Maxilla, lacrimal and ethmoid (this is from anterior to posterior)
31
Q

What is the large depression at the anterior part of the medial wall of the orbit called? In which bones is it located?

A

Fossa of the lacrimal sac - lacrimal & maxilla bones.

32
Q

Into what does the fossa of the lacrimal sac open?

A

Nasolacrimal canal which leads into the nasal cavity.

33
Q

What passes through the infraorbital fossa?

A

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (CNV) - V2

34
Q

What passes through the supraorbital fossa/notch?

A

Opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (CNV) - V1

35
Q

What are the three fossa/fissures in the orbit called?

A
  1. Superior orbital fissure
  2. Inferior orbital fissure
  3. Optic canal
36
Q

With what is the inferior orbital canal continuous?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

37
Q

Which bones form the piriform aperture (anterior opening of the nasal cavity)?

A

Maxilla and nasal bones on either side

38
Q

What makes up the nasal septum?

A
  1. Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
  2. Vomer
  3. Septal cartilage
39
Q

What does the inferior aspect of the vomer articulate with?

A

Anterior nasal spine of the maxilla

40
Q

What passes through the foramen magnum?

A
  1. Medulla of brainstem is continuous with spinal cord
  2. Vertebral aa
  3. Anterior and posterior spinal aa
  4. Accessory nerve enters the cranium
41
Q

What is the basion?

A

Most anterior point of the foramen magnum

42
Q

How do you measure cranial height?

A

From the basion (most anterior part of foramen magnum) up to the bregma.

43
Q

Describe how the skull articulates with the spine

A

The occipital condyles of the skull articulate with the atlas (C1).

44
Q

What passes through the hypoglossal canal (located superiorly to the occipital condyles)?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)

45
Q

What is in the condylar canal? (located posterior to the occipital condyles)

A

Veins

46
Q

Where is the foramen lacerum located?

A

At the junction of the occipital, temporal (apex of petrous part) and sphenoid bones. It is filled with cartilage in life.

47
Q

Which foramen lies between the mastoid process and styloid process, and what passes through it?

A

Stylomastoid foramen which contains the facial nerve (CNVII)

48
Q

Where is the jugular foramen, and what passes through it?

A

Between the styloid process and occipital condyles. It contains the internal jugular vein (from sigmoid sinus) as well as CNIX, X, XI.

49
Q

What lies just anterior to the jugular foramen?

A

Carotid canal which contains the internal carotid artery.

50
Q

What nerve travels through the foramen ovale?

A

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3)

51
Q

What travels through the foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal arteries

52
Q

What forms the boundaries of the nasal choane?

A

laterally the medial pterygoid plates of the sphenoid, inferiorly the horizontal plate of the palatine bones and the vomer divides the two choane on the midline.

53
Q

What comprises the bony palate/roof of the mouth?

A

Anteriorly the palatine processes of the maxilla; posteriorly the horizontal plate of the palatine bones.

54
Q

Which foramina are posterioro-laterally located on the bony palate?

A

Greater palatine foramen and lesser palatine foramen.

55
Q

Which foramen is located anteriorly in the midline of the bony palate?

A

Incisive foramen.

56
Q

What is a metopic suture?

A

When the frontal suture fails to fully ossify during early childhood (by 4 years of age), the residual suture is called a metopic suture.

57
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

Fibrous tissue of the neurocranium yet to ossify through intramembranous ossification.

58
Q

Name the fontanelles

A
  1. Anterior fontanelle (at site of bregma)
  2. Posterior fontanelle (at site of lambda)
  3. Sphenoidal fontanelle (becomes the pterion)
  4. Mastoid fontanelle (becomes the asterion)
59
Q

How many deciduous teeth are there?

A

20

60
Q

How many permanent/secondary teeth are there?

A

32

61
Q

Which bones contain air sinuses or air cells?

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Maxilla
  3. Ethmoid
  4. Sphenoid
  5. Mastoid

CAM304 - ANATOMY (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions