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Physics > P2- Electricity > Flashcards

P2- Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Define current

A

the rate at which electrons flow past a point in a complete electrical circuit

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2
Q

Whats meant by resistance in a circuit

A

Resistance is a measure of the opposition to the flow of current in an electrical circuit.

Unit: ohms

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3
Q

What is meant by the potential difference of a circuit

A

Potential difference (or voltage) is a measure of energy, per unit of charge, transferred between two points in a circuit.

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4
Q

What’s the equation for charge flow?

A

Q = It

Q- charge flow (coulombs, C)
I- current (A)
t- time (s)

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5
Q

Cell diagram

A
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6
Q

Battery circuit diagram

A
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7
Q

Switch open and closed circuit symbol

A
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8
Q

Bulb circuit symbol

A
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9
Q

Fuse circuit symbol

A
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10
Q

LED circuit symbol

A
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11
Q

Resistor circuit symbol

A
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12
Q

Variable resistor circuit symbol

A
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13
Q

Ammeter circuit symbol

A
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14
Q

Voltmeter circuit symbols

A
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15
Q

Diode circuit symbol

A
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16
Q

Ldr circuit symbol

A
17
Q

Thermistor circuit symbol

A
18
Q

What happens to the resistance of a thermistor ad it gets hotter?

A

Their resistance decreases as the temperature increases.

19
Q

Series circuits:
Potential difference is _______
Current is _________

A

Shared
The same everywhere

-resistance adds up
-cell potential difference adds up

20
Q

Parallel circuits:
Potential difference is_______
Current is________

A

the same across all components
shared between branches

21
Q

Graph for resistors in a series circuit

A
22
Q

Graph for the number of resistors in a series circuit

A
23
Q

Describe an experiment to investigate how adding resistors in series and parallel affects the total resistance of the circuit

A
24
Q

What colour is the neutral wire

A

Blue
The neutral wire completes the circuit

25
Q

What colour is the live wire ?

A

Brown
The live wire provides the alternating potential difference between

26
Q

What colour is the earth wire?

A

Green and yellow
It is for protecting the wiring and for safety- it stops the appliance casing from becoming live.

27
Q

What colour is the earth wire?

A

Green and yellow
It is for protecting the wiring and for safety- it stops the appliance casing from becoming live.

28
Q

Why can the live wire give you an electric shock?

A

Since the live wire has a very large potential difference compared to the human body (0V) the live wire can cause shocks. When you touch a live wire, a large potential difference is produced across your body and a current flows through you

29
Q

The UK mains supply is an ac supply at around _____.

A

230V

30
Q

What’s the frequency of the ac mains supply?

A

50 Hz

31
Q

What are the functions of step-up and step-down transformers?

A

A “step-down transformer” is used to step voltage(p.d) down, while a “step-up transformer” is used to step voltage(p.d) up.

Transformers all have two coils , primary, secondary joined with an iron core

32
Q

What is the national grid?

A

The National Grid is the system operator of Great Britain’s electricity and gas supply. This includes England, Scotland and Wales. It is the company that manages the network and distribution of electricity and gas that powers all our homes and businesses.

33
Q

Explain why electricity is transferred by the national grid at a height p.d but low current

A

The transfer of electrical energy via the grid is very efficient. When currents in a cable are higher, more energy is
dissipated
to the surroundings through heating. As high currents waste more energy than low currents, electrical power is transported around the grid at a high voltage and a low current.

34
Q

What is the power rating of an appliance?

A

defines how much energy is being transferred from the mains to power the device

35
Q

Power=

A

Potential difference (V) x current (A)

36
Q

Energy transferred=

A

Power x time

Physics (8 decks)

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