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Physics > P2 > Flashcards

P2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Acceleration,

A

The rate at which velocity changes

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2
Q

Motion in a circle

A

Constant net force perpendicular to velocity

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3
Q

Speed

A

The distance an object travels per unit of time

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4
Q

Time

A

How long something takes

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5
Q

Calculating average speed

A

total distance/total time

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6
Q

Gradient equation

A

change in y/change in x

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7
Q

Acceleration equation

A

change in velocity/time taken

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8
Q

Kinetic energy equation (Joules)

A

0.5massspeed^2

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9
Q

Velocity time graphs

A

Shows how the speed or velocity of an object changes over time

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10
Q

Newton’s first law of motion

A

An object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by another force

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11
Q

Vector diagrams

A

The resultant vector for two vectors at right angles to each other can be worked out using a scale diagram, or using a calculation.

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12
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

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13
Q

Momentum

A

The product of mass and velocity. It is also a vector quantity - this means it has both a magnitude and an associated direction.

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14
Q

Conservation of momentum

A

A ‘closed system’ is something that is not affected by external forces.

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15
Q

Work done equation

A

Force(N) * distance(M)

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16
Q

Power

A

The rate at which work is done

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17
Q

Elastic deformation

A

Can be reversed if the force is removed

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18
Q

Extension

A

When an object increases length

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19
Q

Compression

A

When an object decreases length

20
Q

Elastic potential energy

A

The energy of stretched or compressed objects.

21
Q

Gravity

A

A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses.

22
Q

Mass

A

The amount of matter in an object

23
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

When an object is lifted in a gravitational field, energy is transferred to a gravity store.

24
Q

Scalar quantity

A

A quantity that can be described by magnitude only and has no direction

25
Q

Vector quantity

A

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction

26
Q

Velocity

A

Speed in a given direction

27
Q

Distance

A

The length of a path between two points

28
Q

Equation for Speed

A

distance/time

29
Q

Distance time graphs

A

Shows how an object moves. The stationary line means distance does not change. When moving at a steady speed its a straight diagonal line (steeper means faster). If line slopes down, object is returning to starting position and slowing down.

30
Q

Velocity equation

A

Velocity= change in position/time

31
Q

Resultant forces,

A

Two forces can be added together to find it, also is a single force that has the same effect as two or more forces acting together.

32
Q

Newton’s Second Law

A

Force = mass x acceleration

33
Q

Terminal velocity

A

The constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity

34
Q

Momentum equation

A

mass x velocity

35
Q

Work done

A

When energy is transferred from one store to another and it is also done when a force causes an object to move.

36
Q

Power equation

A

work/time

37
Q

Plastic deformation

A

Can’t be fully reversed when the force is removed and their is a permanent change in shape.

38
Q

Elastic limit

A

Maximum stress that a material will withstand without permanent deformation.

39
Q

Force-extension graph

A

Linear extension and elastic deformation can be seen below the elastic limit. Non-linear extension and plastic deformation can be seen above the elastic limit. The gradient of a force-extension graph before the elastic limit is equal to the spring constant.

40
Q

Energy stored in a spring

A

Work is done when a spring is extended or compressed.

41
Q

Weight

A

A measure of the force of gravity on an object

42
Q

Gravitational field strength

A

Where a mass experiences a force.

43
Q

Gravitational potential energy equation

A

mass x gravitational field strength x height

44
Q

What are non-contact forces?

A

A force produced because an object is in a field (two objects that don’t touch but create a force).

45
Q

Name some examples of non-contact forces

A

Electrostatics, magnetism, gravity

46
Q

How do you draw a freebody diagram?

A

Step 1: Identify all non-contact pairs
Step 2:Identify all contact pairs
Step 3: Focus on a single object. Draw that object with arrows showing all the forces acting on the object.

47
Q

How do you resolve forces?

A

You can add up the two forces at a right angle.

Physics (2 decks)

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