P2

Question 1

What does Freud suggest about aggression?

Answer 1

Aggression is a ‘natural response’ or ‘trait’

Freud’s viewpoint emphasizes that aggression is inherent in human nature.

Question 2

Who advocated the instinct theory of aggression?

Answer 2

Lorenz (1966)

Lorenz suggested that humans generate aggressive energy that needs to be released.

Question 3

What is a key issue with the instinct theory of aggression?

Answer 3

Not all humans are aggressive

This indicates that aggression is not universal among individuals.

Question 4

What can many humans do regarding their aggressive tendencies?

Answer 4

Control their aggressive tendencies

This challenges the idea that aggression is an uncontrollable trait.

Question 5

What does Bandura’s social learning theory propose?

Answer 5

Aggression is learned by observing others

Bandura (1977) emphasized the role of significant others in modeling aggressive behavior.

Question 6

What increases the likelihood of copying aggressive behavior according to social learning theory?

Answer 6

Reinforcement of aggressive behavior

Positive reinforcement from significant others can lead to increased imitation.

Question 7

What is a criticism of social learning theory?

Answer 7

At times we do not copy those that model behavior

This undermines the idea that all behavior is learned through observation.

Question 8

What can a strong sense of independence lead to in terms of role models?

Answer 8

Countering or ignoring required behavior

This means that individuals may not always follow the aggressive behaviors modeled by others.

Question 9

What does the frustration-aggression hypothesis suggest?

Answer 9

Frustrating circumstances increase aggression

This theory posits that blocked goals lead to frustration which then escalates to aggression.

Question 10

What can cause frustration according to the frustration-aggression hypothesis?

Answer 10

Poor personal performance or perceived unfairness

These factors can trigger aggressive responses in individuals.

Question 11

What does aggression help achieve according to the frustration-aggression hypothesis?

Answer 11

Catharsis

This refers to the release of frustration when the aggressive act is successful.

Question 12

What can happen if an aggressive act is unsuccessful?

Answer 12

It can lead to further aggression and punishment

This highlights the cycle of aggression and its potential consequences.

Question 13

What is a criticism of the frustration-aggression hypothesis?

Answer 13

Not everyone behaves aggressively in frustrating circumstances

This suggests variability in human responses to frustration.

Question 14

True or False: Aggression is satisfying to everyone.

Answer 14

False

The statement is incorrect as not all individuals find aggression to be a satisfying response.

Question 15

What does aggression mean

Answer 15

Intent to harm someone outside the rules

Question 16

Assertion

Answer 16

Forceful agressoon without hurting someone