P1b Electricity and Waves

Question 1

What do you see when observing a galaxy moving away from you?

Answer 1

Red-shift

Question 2

What do you see when observing a galaxy moving towards you?

Answer 2

Blue-shift

Question 3

What is meant by a non-renewable energy source?

Answer 3

These will run out and cannot be easily made again.

Question 4

Name 4 different non-renewable energy resources

Answer 4

Coal, oil, natural gas and Nuclear fuels

Question 5

Explain how electricity is generated in a gas fired power station

Answer 5

The natural gas is burned. This heats up water in the boiler, turning it to steam. The steam turns the turbine which then turns the generator, generating the electricity.

Question 6

Describe useful energy transfers that occur in a gas fired power station

Answer 6

Chemical energy into heat energy then into kinetic energy and then electrical energy (Remember to match up to parts in the power station)

Question 7

What is meant by a renewable energy source

Answer 7

They will never run out or can be easily made again

Question 8

Name 4 renewable energy sources

Answer 8

Any 4 from Wind, Waves, Tides, Hydro-eelectric, Solar, Geothermal, Food, Biofuels

Question 9

Explain how wind power generates electricity

Answer 9

The kinetic energy in the wind turns the turbine which turns the generator, generating electrical energy

Question 10

Explain how geothermal energy generates electricity

Answer 10

Hot water and steam rise from the earth The steam turns the turbine which then turns the generator, generating the electricity.

Question 11

What is the source of energy for tidal barrages?

Answer 11

The gravity of the sun and the moon

Question 12

What are the disadvantages of using non-renewable energy sources?

Answer 12

Fossil fuels release Carbon Dioxide adding to the greenhouse effect and contributing to global warming,
Coal release sulphur dioxide, causing acid rain.
Mining damages the landscape

Question 13

What is the purpose of pumped storage?

Answer 13

Allows you to convert extra electrical energy into stored energy by moving water up into a higher reservoir. For when you need extra energy.

Question 14

What is carbon capture?

Answer 14

It involves collecting CO2 from powerstation before it is released and filling empty gas and oil fields.

Question 15

One advantage and one disadvantage of using wind turbines

Answer 15

Advantages= Low running costs, no fuel, No CO2 (other than during manufacture)
Disadvantages= No wind no power. Spoil the view, Noisy