P19: Radioactivity Flashcards

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1
Q

Why do some atoms emit radiation?

A

Because they have unstable uncle that can only stabilise by emitting radiation.

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2
Q

3 types of radiation

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma

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3
Q

Relative mass of protons

A

1

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4
Q

Relative mass of neutrons

A

1

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5
Q

Relative mass of electrons

A

1/2000

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6
Q

Alpha Radiation

A
α
2 protons + 2 neutrons.
Relative mass of 4
Stopped by paper
5 cm range in air
Greatest ionising power
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7
Q

Beta Radiation

A
B
Relative mass of 0
Charge of -1
A neutron in the nucleus changes into a proton and an electron. The electron is expelled from the atom but the proton stays.
Stopped by aluminium
1m range in air
Medium ionising power
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8
Q

Gamma Radiation

A
Y
Uncharged and has no mass- is a form of electromagnetic radiation.
Doesn't change the element etc.
stopped by lead.
Unlimited range in air.
Least ionising power.
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9
Q

Half Life

A

The time it takes for the number of nuclei of the isotope in a sample to halve.

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10
Q

What halves every half life?

A

The no. of atoms of a radioactive isotope
+
The count rate.

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