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AQA GCSE PHYSICS 9-1 PAPER 1 > P14-Light > Flashcards

P14-Light Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens when plane waves reflect from a flat barrier?

A

The reflected waves are at the same angle to the barrier as the incident waves

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2
Q

What happens when each point on the wave front teaches the barrier?

A

It creates a wavelet moving away from the barrier, the wavelet lines up with the previous reflected wavelets to form a reflected wave front moving away

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3
Q

All parts of a wavefront move at the same speed. What does this mean?

A

the reflected wavefront is at the same angle to the barrier as the incident wavefront

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4
Q

In reflection, the reflected and incident waves have the same what?

A

Frequency, speed and wavelength

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5
Q

What do light rays show?

A

The direction that light waves are moving in

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6
Q

The line perpendicular to the mirror is called the what?

A

the Normal

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7
Q

What is the angle of incidence?

A

the angle between the incident ray and the normal

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8
Q

What is the angle of reflection?

A

angle between reflected ray and the normal

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9
Q

What is the image formed by a plane mirror?

A

virtual

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10
Q

When is a virtual image formed?

A

When light rays appear to come from after they have been reflected or refracted

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11
Q

What is a real image

A

An image that can be seen on a screen

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12
Q

what is a virtual image?

A
  1. same way up as the object

2. laterally inverted (back to front not upside down)

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13
Q

What is specular reflection?

A

Diffusion from a smooth surface because parallel light waves are reflected in a single direction

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14
Q

What can a virtual image not do?

A

be projected onto a screen like the movie images you see at a cinema

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15
Q

Why may a real image be described as something seen on a screen?

A

A real image is formed by focusing light rays onto the screen

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16
Q

What is reflection from a rough surface called why?

A

diffuse reflection- light is scattered in different directions

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17
Q

Each lens changes the direction of light passing through it. What is this change of direction called?

A

refraction

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18
Q

What is refraction?

A

The change in direction of waves across a boundary from one medium to another

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19
Q

When do light waves refract?

A

When they travel across a boundary between air and a transparent medium.

20
Q

Why does light refract across a boundary between air and a transparent medium.?

A

This is because speed of light changes at this type of boundary

21
Q

What does light do when it travels from air to glass?

A

Bends towards the normal

22
Q

What does light do when it travels from glass to air?

A

Bends away from the normal

23
Q

What does light bend away from the normal when it travels from glass to air

A

Light travels more slowly in glass than air and glass is more optically dense than air

24
Q

What happens when light enters a more dense medium?

A

Refracted towards normal

25
Q

What happens when light enters a less dense medium?

A

Refracted away from medium

26
Q

How do colour filters work?

A

They absorb certain wavelengths and transmit others e.g. white light at red filter inky red light emitted because it absorbs all parts of white spectrum

27
Q

What are the primary colours of light? And why are they the primary colours?

A

Red, green and blue and because they can be mixed to produce any other colour of light

28
Q

What does the colour and surface of an opaque object depend on?

A

The chemicals (pigments) in the surface materials

29
Q

What does colour also depend upon?

A

The range of wavelengths in the incident light

30
Q

What does a white surface not have ?

A

Pigments

31
Q

What are transparent objects?

A

Objects that transmit all the incident light that hit object, none is absorbed

32
Q

What are translucent objects?

A

Objects that let light pass through but is scattered or refracted

33
Q

Why do translucent objects let light pass through but is scattered or refracted

A

Material of object has lots of internal boundaries that change the direction of the light waves

34
Q

What is another word for convex lens

A

converging

35
Q

What is a convex lens?

A

Makes parallel rays converge to a focus

36
Q

What is the point called where parallel rays are focused to?

A

Principal focus

37
Q

What is a converging lens used for?

A

Magnifying glass e.g. distant objects in a camera

38
Q

What is a concave lens used for?

A

Makes parallel rays spread out

39
Q

Whats another word for concave?

A

diverging

40
Q

What is a diverging lens used for?

A

Correcting short sight

41
Q

What is the distance from the centre of the lens to the principle focus called?

A

Focal length

42
Q

What happens if the image is bigger than the object?

A

The magnification is bigger than 1

43
Q

What happens if the image is smaller than the object?

A

The magnification is less than 1

44
Q

What image is formed by a convex lens?

A

A real image if the object is further away than the principal focus

45
Q

What image is formed by a convex lens?

A

A virtual image if object is nearer the principal focus

46
Q

The magnification produced by a lens is what formula?

A

image height over object height

AQA GCSE PHYSICS 9-1 PAPER 1 (16 decks)

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