P13: Kinetic Theory

Question 1

Gas > Liquid

Answer 1

Condensation

Question 2

Liquid > Gas

Answer 2

Vaporisation/ Boiling

Question 3

Solid > Liquid

Answer 3

Melting

Question 4

Liquid > Solid

Answer 4

Solidifying/ Freezing

Question 5

Solid > Gas

Answer 5

Sublimation

Question 6

Gas > Solid

Answer 6

Condensation

Question 7

Answer 7

Vibrate in a fixed position.

Keeps its shape.

Least Energy.

Question 8

Answer 8

In contact with each other.

Can move around randomly, so has no fixed shape.

Middle Energy

Question 9

Answer 9

Move about at random much faster.

Much farther apart.

Much lower density.

Most energy

Question 10

Specific Heat Capacity

Answer 10

Energy needed by 1kg of the substance to raise its temperature by 1^oC.

Question 11

Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg^oC) =

Answer 11

Energy Transferred (J)/ Mass (kg) x Temperature Change (^oC)

Question 12

The greater the mass of an object…

Answer 12

… The more slowly its temperature increases when it is heated.

Question 13

When does evaporation take place?

Answer 13

At any temperature.

Question 14

When does boiling take place?

Answer 14

At the boiling point

Question 15

When a pure substance is changing state…

Answer 15

… The temperature stays the same.

Question 16

Latent Heat

Answer 16

The energy supplied to a substance when it changes state. Called ‘latent’ (hidden) because the energy it supplies does not change the temperature at the melting/ boiling point.

Question 17

Fusion

Answer 17

Often used to describe melting because different solids can be ‘fused’ when they melt.

Question 18

Evaporation

Answer 18

Occurs on the surface of a liquid under its boiling point.

Question 19

Specific Latent Heat of Fusion

Answer 19

energy needed to melt 1kg of a substance with no change of temperature.

Question 20

What is the unit of specific latent heat?

Answer 20

J/kg

Question 21

Specific Latent Heat of Fusion (L_F) =

Answer 21

Energy (j) / Mass (kg)

Question 22

Specific Latent Heat of Vaporisation (L_v) =

Answer 22

Energy (j) / Mass (kg)

Question 23

Specific Latent Heat of Vaporisation

Answer 23

The energy needed to change 1kg of a substance at its boiling point from liquid to vapour.