P1.2 Using Energy Flashcards
What energy is transferred from a light bulb?
Thermal and light energy
How do you calculate energy?
Energy (kWh) = power (w) x time (h)
what are nine types of energy?
electrical, light, sound, kinetic, nuclear, thermal, gravitational potential, elastic potential, chemical energy.
what are gravitational potential energy, elastic potential and chemical energy forms of?
stored energy as they are waiting to be turned into one of the other forms.
how do you calculate the efficiency of a machine?
useful energy out divided by total energy in.
what do the arrows pointing down in a Sankey diagram represent?
The waste energy.
what are the stages of burning non-renewable sources of energy in a power station?
coal is burnt to release heat. Water is heated in the boiler and turned to steam. Steam rushes through turbine and makes it spin which turns the generator too. Electricity is produced by the spinning generator.
what are the four stages of energy transfers in a power station?
Chemical energy into heat energy into kinetic energy into electric energy.
why might people object to wind turbines being put up near where they live?
destroys the view, loud, harmful to animals.
what are three advantages of wind turbines?
renewable resource, no fossil fuels produced, running costs are low.
why are renewable sources of often used for small-scale production of electricity?
they are a good source of energy in situations where only a small amount of electricity is needed. E.g. calculators
State the types of energy.
Magnetic, Kinetic, Heat (Thermal), Light, Gravitational Potential, Chemical, Sound, Electrical, Elastic Potential, Nuclear
How do you calculate efficiency as a decimal?
Amount of useful energy/total energy
How do you calculate efficiency as a percentage?
(Amount of useful energy/total energy) x 100
what are the two advantages of hydroelectric power?
renewable, gives us free energy
what are two disadvantages of hydroelectric power?
The set up the costs are high and it destroys wildlifes habitat
hydroelectric power stations deliver energy when…?
it is needed
pumped storage power stations deliver energy that…?
they have previously stored
how does a tidal barrage work?
The tide comes in and water passes through the turbines. This builds up behind the barrage. When the tide goes out the water is allowed out through the turbine in the barrage at controlled speed. as the water passes through the turbines electricity is generated
why many people object to tidal barrage is being built?
initial costs are high, look unattractive & can prevent access for boats.
how does the wave powered generators work
wave moves water upwards forcing air out. The moving air makes the turbine spin. The spinning generator makes electricity. The spinning turbine drives a generator. The water goes down again and air is sucked downwards spinning the turbine the other way and generating more power
what are you problems with wave power?
high initial costs, spoil the view, depends on the wind so can be unreliable.
biofuels are used to generate electricity in a similar way to…?
fossil fuels
how is electricity generated using geothermal energy?
in some volcanic areas hot water and steam rise to the surface this steam can be used to drive turbines to generate electricity.
