P1.2 Flashcards
more dense =
more atoms per “area”
what is density?
Density is a property of matter, and it tells us the mass per unit volume
What does specific heat capacity link?
Specific heat capacity links thermal energy and temperature of matter
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of substance by 1° C
What is specific latent heat?
The energy needed to melt/boil 1 kg of a substance
What is melting in terms of specific latent heat?
Fusion
What is boiling in terms of specific latent heat?
Vaporisation
What happens to the atoms during a change of state?
Their structure does not change and the mass of the material does not change (mass is conserved)
What type of change is a change of state?
A physical change
Equation for density
Density = mass / volume
What is density measured in?
g/cm^3
What does a solid do in liquid?
The solid floats, if it is less dense than the liquid
Archimedes principle
Water displaced by an object will have the same volume
What is the particle formation like in a solid?
The particles in a solid are close together with a small volume and so they are dense
What is the particle formation for a liquid?
The particles in a liquid of further apart with a larger volume and so they are less dense
What is the particle formation for a gas?
The particles in the gas are far apart with a large volume and so they are not very dense
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = 1/2 x mass x v^2
What is the formula for thermal energy using specific heat capacity?
thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature
What is specific heat capacity measured in?
J/kg°C
What is thermal energy measured in?
Joules
When you heat up a substance, what happens?
The particles speed up, and they gain kinetic energy
When you melt/boil a substance, what happens?
The particles are more free and the particles gain potential energy
What is the formula for thermal energy using specific latent heat?
thermal energy = mass x specific latent heat
What is specific latent heat measured in?
J/kg
What is the name of the force that keeps an object afloat?
upthrust
