P10- force and motion Flashcards

paper 2

1
Q

What is the name given to the distance a vehicle travels to safely come to a stop after the diver has spotted a hazard?

A

stopping distance

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2
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

the distance a vehicle travels during driver’s reaction time

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3
Q

What is braking distance?

A

the distance a vehicle travels once brakes have been applied

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4
Q

What is the relationship between stopping distance, thinking distance and braking distance?

A

Stopping distance= thinking distance + braking distance

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5
Q

Does the speed of a vehicle have a bigger effect on braking distance or thinking distance?

A

braking distance

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6
Q

Which distance is proportional to the speed of the vehicle?

A

thinking distance

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7
Q

What are three factors that can affect the braking distance of a vehicle?

A

speed, road conditions, condition of tyres and brakes

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8
Q

What can happen if the braking force used to stop a vehicle is very large?

A

brakes may overheat / the car may skid

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9
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum?

A

in a closed system, the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after it

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10
Q

What does m triangle v stand for?

A

change in momentum

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11
Q

How is the force acting on an object related to its momentum?

A

force acting on an object= rate of change of momentum

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12
Q

What are examples of everyday safety features which work by increasing the time taken for the change in momentum?

A

air bags, seat belts, crumple zones in cars, cycle helmets, crash mats in gyms, cushioned surfaces in children’s playgrounds

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13
Q

What is elastic deformation?

A

an object can go back to its original shape and size when deforming forces are removed

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14
Q

What is inelastic deformation?

A

an object does not go back to its original shape or size when deforming forces are removed

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15
Q

How do you find the spring constant from a force-extension graph of a spring?

A

find the gradient of the straight line section

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