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Immunoserology > P1 Study Deck > Flashcards

P1 Study Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Study of how bodily mechanisms can differentiate between self and nonself and eliminate those components that are deemed to be nonself

A

Immunology

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2
Q

Study of the body’s defense against infection

A

Immunology

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3
Q

Study of serum

A

Serology

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4
Q

The state or condition of being resistant to infection / ability to ward off infections

A

Immunity

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5
Q

2 general types of immunity

A

Innate and adaptive

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6
Q

Primary lymphoid organs

A

Bone marrow and thymus

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7
Q

Secondary lymphoid organs

A

Spleen, lymph nodes, lymphatic nodules (follicles)

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8
Q

Are the sites of stem cell division and become immunocompetent

A

Primary lymphoid organs

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9
Q

Refer to the areas where the majority of the immune responses take place

A

Secondary lymphoid organs

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10
Q

Also known as peripheral lymphoid organs

A

Secondary lymphoid organs

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11
Q

Sites of lymphocyte activation by antigen

A

Peripheral lymphoid organs

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12
Q

Fluid that carries antigen taken up by the dendritic cells and macrophages to the lymph nodes

A

Lymph

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13
Q

Cell-mediated immunity where T cells respond to the infected cells

A

Cellular immunity

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14
Q

Antibody-mediated immunity where B cells respond by secreting antibodies against a specific antigen

A

Humoral immunity

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15
Q

Categories of immune system

A

Natural or Innate Immunity
Adaptive or Acquired Immunity

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16
Q

Immunity wherein humans can naturally evade and fight off infections by natural means: present at birth; nonspecific; nonadaptive

A

Innate Immunity

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17
Q

Immunity that does not require prior encounter to pathogens

A

Innate immunity

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18
Q

Immunity that is not present at birth and is developed during a person’s lifetime

A

Adaptive or Acquired Immunity

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19
Q

Category of immunity where the reaction depends on the antigen ut encounters

A

Adaptive or Acquired Immunity

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20
Q

The mechanisms of ______ immunity provide the initial defense against infections.

A

Innate immunity

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21
Q

Element of innate immunity that is designed to protect the body from infectious agents by structural barriers, secretions, and growth of microorganisms.

A

External Defense System

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22
Q

Examples of external defense system of innate immunity

A

Physical / anatomical barriers
Normal Flora

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23
Q

Examples of physical or anatomical barriers in innate immunity

A

Skin, mucus membrane, secretions

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24
Q

Examples of normal flora used in innate immunity

A

S. epidermidis (skin) and L. acidophilus (vagina)

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25
Q

Element of Innate immunity where cells like WBCs and antibodies are the major factors

A

Internal Defense System

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26
Q

Examples of internal defense system of innate immunity

A

Cellular factors, humural factors, inflammation

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27
Q

Elements of acquired immunity

A

Cellular (B & T lymohocytes)
Humoral (antibodies & cytokines)

28
Q

Are protein inflammation markers that is increased during inflammation, infection, injury, / trauma by at least 25%

A

Acute-phase reactants

29
Q

Acute-phase reactant that functions in opsonization and complement activation

A

C-reactive protein

30
Q

Acute-phase reactant: removal of cholesterol

A

Serum amyloid A

31
Q

Acute-phase reactant: protease inhibitor

A

Alpha-antitrypsin

32
Q

Acute-phase reactant: clot formation

A

Fibrinogen

33
Q

Acute-phase reactant: Binds hemoglobin

A

Haptoglobin

34
Q

Acute-phase reactant: binds copper and oxidizes iron

A

Ceruloplasmin

35
Q

Acute-phase reactant: opsonization, lysis

A

Complement C3

36
Q

Acute-phase reactant: complement activation

A

Mannose-binding proteins

37
Q

Also called polymorphonuclear neutrophil; 2-5 lobes: primary granules are azurophilic granules

A

Neutrophil

38
Q

Process that allows the neutrophil to pass through the intact capillary walls into surrounding body tissues

A

Diapedesis

39
Q

Chemical messengers that are responsible for the migration of the cells into a particular direction

A

Chemotaxins

40
Q

WBC that fights off against parasitic infections and allergic reaction

A

Eosinophil

41
Q

This cell can also suppress basophil reaction

A

Eosinophil

42
Q

Smallest granulocyte involved in type 1 hypersensitivity

A

Basophil

43
Q

A connective tissue cell of mesenchymal origin and resembles basophils but larger

A

Mast cell

44
Q

By binding to IgE, also plays role in hypersensitivity reactions

A

Mast cell

45
Q

Mononuclear cell, largest cell among the peripheral blood; horseshoe shaped appearance; ground glass cytoplasm

A

Monocyte

46
Q

Process by which a cell engulfs a particle

A

Phagocytosis

47
Q

Main steps of phagocytosis

A

Physical contact
Formation
Fusion
Digestion

48
Q

Occurs in activated phagocytes, which rapidly release a large amount of reactuve oxygen species (ROS)

A

Respiratory / Oxidayive Burst

49
Q

A vesicle formed within a phagocyte in which matter is retained in the process of phagocytosis

A

Phagosome

50
Q

A cytoplasmic structure that is formed by the union of phagosome and ingested particle with a lysosome having hydrolytic enzymes

A

Phagolysosome

51
Q

Is the body’sc cellular and vascular responses to injury or invasion by an infectious agemt

A

Inflammation

52
Q

Cardinal signs of inflammation

A

Calor
Tumor
Rubor
Dolor
Functio laesa

53
Q

Calor means

A

Heat production

54
Q

Tumor means

A

Swelling

55
Q

Rubor means

A

Redness

56
Q

Dolor means

A

Pain

57
Q

Functio laesa means

A

Loss of function

58
Q

Major events associated with process of inflammation

A

Increased blood supply, increased capillary permeability, migration of white blood cells, migration of macrophages

59
Q

Is a chemical mediator which are released form an jnjured mast cells that causes dilation of the blood vessel and bring additional blood flow to the affected area, which results in redness & heat

A

Histamine

60
Q

Largest tissue of the body, source of hematopoietic stem cells

A

Bone marrow

61
Q

Center for antigen-independent lymphopoeisis

A

Bone marrow

62
Q

Where B cell maturation takes place

A

Bone marrow

63
Q

Where T cell maturation takes place

A

Thymus

64
Q

Functions as a large discriminating filter that removes senescent, damaged cells and foreign antigens

A

Spleen

65
Q

Main types of splenic tissue

A

Red pulp and white pulp

66
Q

Splenic tissue that functions to destroy old red blood cells and makes uo more than half of the total volume

A

Red pulp

Immunoserology (1 decks)

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