p1. structure and bonding of carbon Flashcards
1
Q
describe structure and bonding of diamond
A
- giant covalent structure
- each carbon atom is bonded to 4 other carbon atoms ( 4 carbon bonds )
- bonded by strong covalent bonds
- no free electrons
2
Q
describe properties of diamond
A
- very hard
- high melting point
- does not conduct electricity as there are no free electrons due to the four carbon bonds
3
Q
describe structure and bonding of graphite
A
- hexagonal layers
- each carbon atom is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms ( 3 carbon bonds )
- no bonds between layers
- one electron from each carbon is delocalised
4
Q
describe properties of graphite
A
- conducts electricity as it has delocalised electrons which move throughout the layers
- weak forces between layers therefore they slide past one another making them a great lubricant
5
Q
describe structure and bonding of graphene
A
- single layer of graphite
6
Q
describe properties of graphene
A
- strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms
- therefore has a high melting point
- very strong
- conducts electricity as it has delocalised electrons that are free to move across structure
7
Q
describe structure and bonding of fullerenes
- give two examples
A
- molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes
- made up of hexagonal rings of carbon atoms
- bonded by covalent bonds
- eg. buckminsterfullerene and nanotubes
8
Q
describe structure and bonding of Buckminsterfullerene
A
- made up of 60 carbon atoms joined together
- bonded by strong covalent bonds
9
Q
describe properties of Buckminsterfullerene
A
- weak intermolecular forces between molecules
- need little energy to over come intermolecular forces
- therefore are slippery and has a low melting point
10
Q
describe structure and bonding of nanotubes
A
- like a layer of graphite rolled into a cylinder
- long compared to its width
11
Q
describe properties of nanotubes
A
- high tensile strength
- very strong
- conducts electricity as they have delocalised electrons
