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GCSE Physics > P1 - Radiation and waves > Flashcards

P1 - Radiation and waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What moves with waves

A

energy but not particles

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2
Q

What is the amplitude

A

Gap between centre line and highest point on wave

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3
Q

What is a wavelength

A

Distance between two crests

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4
Q

What is 1 Hz

A

1 wave per second

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5
Q

What is the frequencey

A

Number of wavelengths pass per second

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6
Q

What is the period of the wave

A

The number of seconds for a wavelength to pass

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7
Q

What direction are the disturbances in transverse waves

A

90 degrees to the direction

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8
Q

What type of waves are electromagnetic

A

Transverse

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9
Q

What direction is the disturbances in longitudinal waves

A

In the direction of the movement

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10
Q

What are some examples of longitudinal waves

A

Sound waves

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11
Q

Equation for wave speed

A

Wave speed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x Wavelength (m)

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12
Q

What to oscilloscopes show

A

The waveform of a wave

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13
Q

What 3 things can happen when a wave hits a boundary

A

The wave can be absorbed
Transmitted
or Reflected

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14
Q

What always stays the same in a wave, even if it passes into another medium

A

the frequency

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15
Q

What is refraction

A

When a wave hits a different medium, eg. glass, at and angle, and changes direction

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16
Q

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum

A

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared waves
Visible light
Ultra violet
X rays
Gamma rays

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17
Q

What happens when high energy waves such as UV, X-rays and Gamma rays

A

They can ionise the atom

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18
Q

What happens if an electron absorbs an EM wave

A

It can be excited to a higher radiation level, moving to a higher, partially filled or empty shell

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19
Q

If a high energy wave hits an electron what can happen to it

A

it can fully leave the atom, ionising it

20
Q

How do microwaves heat food

A

They are absorbed into the food, transferring to heat energy

21
Q

What are some greenhouse gases

A

CO2, CH4, H2O

22
Q

What frequency is ultrasound waves

A

20,000 Hz or above

23
Q

How does ultrasound imaging work on babies

A

When the ultrasound leaves the fluid in the womb and enters the babies body, some of it is partially reflected, which can be measured and recorded

24
Q

What waves to earthquakes produce

A

Seismic waves

25
Q

Why do seismic waves change direction in the earth

A

Because different layers of the earth have different densities, so the waves refract and change directions

26
Q

Which waves can penetrate all the way through the earth

A

P waves

27
Q

Why cant S waves travel all the way through the earth

A

Because they cannot travel through liquids

28
Q

What type of waves are P waves

A

Longitudinal waves

29
Q

Which wave do we feel first in an earthquake

A

The P wave

30
Q

What type of waves are S waves

A

transverse waves

31
Q

What is the displacement of the wave

A

The total distance from peak to trough (2 x amplitude)

32
Q

If the wave graph is a displacement time graph, what is the distance from peak to peak

A

The time period of the wave

33
Q

What is the formula linking frequency and period

A

Frequency = 1/period

34
Q

In a denser medium, will transverse waves travel faster or slower

A

Slower

35
Q

What is the incident ray

A

The ray coming in

36
Q

What is the point of incidence

A

The point where the incident ray hits the medium change

37
Q

What is the refracted ray

A

The ray which has been refracted

38
Q

What is the emergent ray

A

The ray which comes out the other side

39
Q

What is the angle of incidence

A

The angle from the incident ray to the normal

40
Q

What is the angle of refraction

A

The angle from the normal to the ray of refraction

41
Q

If a wave enters a denser medium, which way will it bend

A

Towards the normal

42
Q

If a wave enters a less dense medium, which was will it bend

A

Away from the normal

43
Q

What refracts more, blue or red

A

blue bends best

44
Q

What in the ear causes hearing loss if damage

A

cochlea and auditory nerve

45
Q
A

GCSE Physics (8 decks)

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