P1 Physics Top 40 Flashcards
Give calculation for Gravitational Potential Energy with units
GPE(J)= mass(kg)gravitational field strength(N/kg)height(m)
Give calculation for Kinetic Energy with units
Kinetic energy(J)= 1/2mass(kg)velocity²(m/s)
Give calculation for Elastic Potential Energy with units
Elastic energy(J) =1/2spring constant(N/m)extension²(m)
Give calculation for specific heat capacity with units
Specific heat capacity(J/kg/°C )= energy transferred(J)/mass(kg)*temperature change(°C)
Give calculation for energy transferred with units
Energy transferred(J)= mass(kg)specific heat capacity(J/kg °C) temperature change(°C)
Give calculation for power with units(there are two)
Power(W)= energy transferred(J)/time(s)
Power(W)= work done(J)/time(s)
Give short formula for Gravitational Potential Energy
Ep=mgh
Give short formula for kinetic energy
Ek=1/2mv²
Give short formula for elastic potential energy
Ee=1/2ke²
Give short formula for specific heat capacity
ΔE=mcΔθ
Give short formula for energy transferred
C= ΔE/mΔθ
Give short formula for power(there are two)
P= e/t
P= w/t
What are the eight energy stores? Remember 8kg cement
Kinetic, gravitational, chemical, elastic, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear and thermal
State the conservation of energy principle
Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred
What is the definition of specific heat capacity of a material?
The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
Define power
Power is the rate at which work is done
Give four examples of insulation that can be used in houses
Double glazed windows, door seal, cavity wall and loft insulation
What is the equation for working out efficiency?
Efficiency = useful output/by total input
What is a renewable resource?
Something that doesn’t run out
What is a finite resource?
Something that will eventually run out
Which resources are reliable?
Fossil fuels
Which resources are unreliable?
Things like solar power and wind, etc.
What are disadvantages of fossil fuels
They emit greenhouse gases
What are fossil fuels? what are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
Materials that are burnt and creates energy and greenhouse gases
A-generates lots of energy, stations can be anywhere
D – produces carbon dioxide, non renewable
What is the definition of dissipation or wasted energy?
Energy that spread out to be used in less useful ways
What is pollution?
Greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
What is wind power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List two each
Wind turns a turbine to generate electricity
A- no pollution, renewable
D- unreliable, only works if windy
What is solar power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
Solar panels/cells taken heat and light from the suns rays
A- no pollution, free
D- unreliable, only works in day
What is geothermal power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
Is pumped with cold water which it heats, making steam that turns a generator
A- no pollution, no fuel needed
D- expensive, can be built in very few places
What is hydroelectric power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
Falling water drives turbine to rotate generator
A- renewable, no pollution
D – expensive, can only be used in mountainous areas
What is wave power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
Pushes through turbine
A – can be used anywhere, renewable
D – unreliable, can look ugly
What is tidal power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
When the tide is high, a dam traps the water the water gets low on the other side and the high water is released and turns a generator when it flows back down.
A- reliable, no pollution
D – expensive, destroys habitats
What is biofuels? what are advantages and disadvantages? list to each
Plants absorb solar energy and animals eat plants, when dead animals and plants are burnt thermal energy is released.
A – doesn’t need special equipment, carbon neutral
D – releases CO2, visual pollution
What are the four ways energy is transferred?
Mechanical, heating, electrical, radiation
What is work?
How much energy is transferred
What is the definition of efficiency
Ratio of energy usefully transferred by device to the energy supplied
What is nuclear power? what are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.
Uses nuclear fission and thermal energy
A – doesn’t produce greenhouse gases, reliable
D – radioactive, accidents can occur
What are the three fossil fuels?
Coal, oil, natural gas
List three advantages for nuclear power
Saves lives in (less cancer from fossil fuels), reduces CO2 emissions, new technologies (can get even better)
List three disadvantages against nuclear power
Nuclear weapons can be created (Hiroshima and Nagasaki after World War II), nuclear waste (no safe place to store), is radioactive so bad when accidents and disasters occur
