P1 Physics Top 40

Question 1

Give calculation for Gravitational Potential Energy with units

Answer 1

GPE(J)= mass(kg)gravitational field strength(N/kg)height(m)

Question 2

Give calculation for Kinetic Energy with units

Answer 2

Kinetic energy(J)= 1/2mass(kg)velocity²(m/s)

Question 3

Give calculation for Elastic Potential Energy with units

Answer 3

Elastic energy(J) =1/2spring constant(N/m)extension²(m)

Question 4

Give calculation for specific heat capacity with units

Answer 4

Specific heat capacity(J/kg/°C )= energy transferred(J)/mass(kg)*temperature change(°C)

Question 5

Give calculation for energy transferred with units

Answer 5

Energy transferred(J)= mass(kg)specific heat capacity(J/kg °C) temperature change(°C)

Question 6

Give calculation for power with units(there are two)

Answer 6

Power(W)= energy transferred(J)/time(s)

Power(W)= work done(J)/time(s)

Question 7

Give short formula for Gravitational Potential Energy

Answer 7

Ep=mgh

Question 8

Give short formula for kinetic energy

Answer 8

Ek=1/2mv²

Question 9

Give short formula for elastic potential energy

Answer 9

Ee=1/2ke²

Question 10

Give short formula for specific heat capacity

Answer 10

ΔE=mcΔθ

Question 11

Give short formula for energy transferred

Answer 11

C= ΔE/mΔθ

Question 12

Give short formula for power(there are two)

Answer 12

P= e/t

P= w/t

Question 13

What are the eight energy stores? Remember 8kg cement

Answer 13

Kinetic, gravitational, chemical, elastic, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear and thermal

Question 14

State the conservation of energy principle

Answer 14

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred

Question 15

What is the definition of specific heat capacity of a material?

Answer 15

The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C

Question 16

Define power

Answer 16

Power is the rate at which work is done

Question 17

Give four examples of insulation that can be used in houses

Answer 17

Double glazed windows, door seal, cavity wall and loft insulation

Question 18

What is the equation for working out efficiency?

Answer 18

Efficiency = useful output/by total input

Question 19

What is a renewable resource?

Answer 19

Something that doesn’t run out

Question 20

What is a finite resource?

Answer 20

Something that will eventually run out

Question 21

Which resources are reliable?

Answer 21

Fossil fuels

Question 22

Which resources are unreliable?

Answer 22

Things like solar power and wind, etc.

Question 23

What are disadvantages of fossil fuels

Answer 23

They emit greenhouse gases

Question 24

What are fossil fuels? what are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 24

Materials that are burnt and creates energy and greenhouse gases
A-generates lots of energy, stations can be anywhere
D – produces carbon dioxide, non renewable

Question 25

What is the definition of dissipation or wasted energy?

Answer 25

Energy that spread out to be used in less useful ways

Question 26

What is pollution?

Answer 26

Greenhouse gases into the atmosphere

Question 27

What is wind power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List two each

Answer 27

Wind turns a turbine to generate electricity
A- no pollution, renewable
D- unreliable, only works if windy

Question 28

What is solar power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 28

Solar panels/cells taken heat and light from the suns rays
A- no pollution, free
D- unreliable, only works in day

Question 29

What is geothermal power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 29

Is pumped with cold water which it heats, making steam that turns a generator
A- no pollution, no fuel needed
D- expensive, can be built in very few places

Question 30

What is hydroelectric power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 30

Falling water drives turbine to rotate generator
A- renewable, no pollution
D – expensive, can only be used in mountainous areas

Question 31

What is wave power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 31

Pushes through turbine
A – can be used anywhere, renewable
D – unreliable, can look ugly

Question 32

What is tidal power? What are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 32

When the tide is high, a dam traps the water the water gets low on the other side and the high water is released and turns a generator when it flows back down.
A- reliable, no pollution
D – expensive, destroys habitats

Question 33

What is biofuels? what are advantages and disadvantages? list to each

Answer 33

Plants absorb solar energy and animals eat plants, when dead animals and plants are burnt thermal energy is released.
A – doesn’t need special equipment, carbon neutral
D – releases CO2, visual pollution

Question 34

What are the four ways energy is transferred?

Answer 34

Mechanical, heating, electrical, radiation

Question 35

What is work?

Answer 35

How much energy is transferred

Question 36

What is the definition of efficiency

Answer 36

Ratio of energy usefully transferred by device to the energy supplied

Question 37

What is nuclear power? what are advantages and disadvantages? List to each.

Answer 37

Uses nuclear fission and thermal energy
A – doesn’t produce greenhouse gases, reliable
D – radioactive, accidents can occur

Question 38

What are the three fossil fuels?

Answer 38

Coal, oil, natural gas

Question 39

List three advantages for nuclear power

Answer 39

Saves lives in (less cancer from fossil fuels), reduces CO2 emissions, new technologies (can get even better)

Question 40

List three disadvantages against nuclear power

Answer 40

Nuclear weapons can be created (Hiroshima and Nagasaki after World War II), nuclear waste (no safe place to store), is radioactive so bad when accidents and disasters occur