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AS level physics > p1 particles > Flashcards

p1 particles Flashcards

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1
Q

what is specific charge and how do you calculate it

A

charge per unit mass

charge of particle / mass of particle

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2
Q

what is the strong force

A

the force that holds together protons

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3
Q

how does the nuclear strong force work

A

less than 0.5 fm the strong force is repulsive

between 0.5 fm and 3 fm the strong force is stronger than the electromagnetic force so it pulls them together

after 3fm the electrostatic attraction is stronger than the string force so it pulls them apart

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4
Q

how do you convert joules to ev
ev to joules

A

j to ev = / 1.6x10^-19
ev to j = x 1.6x10^-19

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5
Q

how do objects give off light

A

in packets

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6
Q

how can radiation be split up

A

into discrete packets called photons

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7
Q

what do photons contain

A

an amount of energy that is related to the frequency of light

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8
Q

what does the speed of light equal

A

wavelength x frequency

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9
Q

name 2 equations that energy is = to

A

planks constant(6.63x10^-34) x frequency

h(planks constant)c(speed of light)/wavelength

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10
Q

what is antimatter

A

the same element with the same properties but a different charge

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11
Q

what happens when antimatter and matter collide

A

they annihilate each other and leave energy

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12
Q

how do you calculate the energy from two antimatter colliding

A

energy = mass x speed of light^2

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13
Q

whats the equation for beta positive

A

proton -> neutron + electron+ + electron neutrino

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14
Q

whats the equation for electron capture

A

proton + electron -> neutron + electron neutrino

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15
Q

what are the 4 fundemental interatrations (forces)

A

gravity, weak force, electromagnetic and strong force

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16
Q

name the 3 subatomic particles

A

hadrons,leptons and bosons

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17
Q

what are hadrons

A

particles that feel the strong nuclear force

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18
Q

name the two classes of hadrons

A

baryons,antibaryons and mesons

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19
Q

what are baryons and are they conserved

A

they are protons and neutrons(anti)
they are conserved

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20
Q

what are baryons made up of and
antibaryons

A

3 quarks
3 antiquarks

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21
Q

name the quarks of protons

A

two ups and one down

22
Q

name the quarks of neurtons

A

two down and on up

23
Q

what are quarks

A

fundamental particle that are the building blocks of matter and subatomic particles

24
Q

name the order of quarks in mass

A

up charm top

down strange bottom

25
Q

what are electrons made up of

A

mesons

26
Q

name the two types of mesos

A

pions
kaon

27
Q

what are mesons made up of

A

quark + antiquark

28
Q

what are pions made up of

A

one up and one down

29
Q

what are kaons made up of

A

up or down + strange

30
Q

what is strange and is it conserved

A

a property of kaons and is normally conserved

31
Q

what causes the strong nuclear force

A

protons and neutrons are made up of up-and-down quarks
so they exchange pi mesons with each other
pi mesons hold the nucleus together

32
Q

whats the charge of a strange quark

A

-1

33
Q

what are strange quarks made up of
and how are they made?

A

always made up of one stange and antistrange quark

made by the strong nuclear force

34
Q

how does strangeness decay

A

by the weak force
by +1,0,-1

35
Q

what happens when strangeness decays

A

they are not conserved

36
Q

what is the weak force

A

changes the type of quark

37
Q

what do kaons decay into and how

A

pions
weak force

38
Q

name the mass order of leptons

A

electon neutrino muon neutrino tau neutrino

electron muon tau

39
Q

what do muons decay into

A

an electron

40
Q

what does tau decay into

A

quarks

41
Q

What’s a n exchange particle

A

Changes the charge of a particle

42
Q

What’s the range relative strength and exchange particle of gravity

What does it act between aswell

A

No range
Strength: 1x10^-34
Exchange : graviton

All objects with mass

43
Q

What’s the range relative strength and exchange particle of the strong force

What does it act between aswell

A

1x10^-15
Strength: 1x10^3
Pions

Quarks

44
Q

What’s the range relative strength and exchange particle of electromagnetic

What does it act between aswell

A

No limit
Strength 1
Exchange virtual photon
Between charged objects

45
Q

What’s the range relative strength and exchange particle of electromagnetic

What does it act between aswell

A

No limit
Strength 1
Exchange virtual photon
Between charged objects

46
Q

What’s the range relative strength and exchange particle of weak force

What does it act between aswell

A

1x10^-18
Strength 1x10^-10
Exchange bosons
Fundamental particles

47
Q

Marriage was is only conserved in

A

Strong force

48
Q

What is the role of pions

A

Found between quarks and help bind quarks together

49
Q

What’s Higgs field

A

When particles with mass enter the higgs field it causes them to slow down

50
Q

How are virtual photons formed

A

While electrons are being transferred between cells

Annihilation of matter and antimatter

AS level physics (7 decks)

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