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P1 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Increase in size or number. Purely anatomic

A

Growth

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2
Q

changes that occur as a person develops fron infancy to adulthood

A

PATTERN

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3
Q

physical, cognitive, emotional, and social advancements. physiologic and behavioral

A

Development

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4
Q

refers to the individual differences in the rate and timing of growth among people

A

variability

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5
Q

specific age if stage at which certain development milestones occur

A

timing

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6
Q

refers to the sequential progression of growth from the cephalic region too the caudal region

A

cephalocudal gradient of growth

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7
Q

a simplified graphical representation that shows the typical growth pattern of different body parts during childhood

A

scammon’s curve

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8
Q

what are the 4 major tissue systems of the body when it comes to growty?

A

neural, general tissues, genital, and lymphoid

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9
Q

based on measurements of skulls among human skeletal remains

A

craniometry

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10
Q

measure skeletal dimensions on living individuals

A

anthropometry

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11
Q

measurements and growth studies are done by superimposing , allows the direct measurement of bony skeletal dimensions. Disadvantage, 2D representation of a 3-D structure

A

cephalometric radiography

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12
Q

the use of advanced imaging techniques that capture and display the three dimensional representations of the human body

A

three dimensional imaging

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13
Q

utilize xrays to create detailed cross sectional images of the body.

A

ct scan

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14
Q

uses powerful magnets and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body’s internal structures.

A

mri

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15
Q

increase in cell size

A

hypertrophy

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16
Q

increase in cell number

A

hyperplasia

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17
Q

contributes to the increase in size, independent of the size or number of cell themselves

A

secretion of extracellular materials

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18
Q

the process by which the organic bone matrix becomes filled with calcium phosphate nanocrystals

A

mineralization

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19
Q

direct bone growth

A

intramembranous

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20
Q

indirect bone growth

A

endochondral

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21
Q

growth on the outer surface

A

apposition

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22
Q

growth within the tissue; lengthening

A

interstitial growth

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23
Q

intramembranous bone formation in cranial vault

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal squamous part

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24
Q

1st bones to be formed

A

intramembranous

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25
endochondral, cranial base
sphenoid, ethmoid, temporal, and occipital (basilar part)
26
takes place so that hard tissue is formed, and interstitial growth becomes impossible
mineralization
27
process of shaping and altering bone during growth and development or in response to mechanical and functional demands
modeling
28
continuous process of bone turnover that occurs throughout life, involving the removal and replacement of old bone tissue with new bone tissue
remodeling
29
Cranio-facial complex divided into 4 areas
cranial vault cranial base maxilla mandible
30
bones that cover the upper and outer surface of the brain
cranial vault
31
open spaces between the bones of the skull seen during birth
fontanelles
32
a condition where there is early fusion of the cranial sutures
craniosynostosis
33
the bony floor under the brain and its the dividing line between the cranium and the face
cranial base
34
centers of ossification, these are bends of cartilage that remain between bones that become centers of ossification
synchondroses
35
a condition where there is a decreased growth of cartilage in the cranial base, resulting in a lack of forward translation of the maxilla
achondroplasia
36
growth sites of cranial base: intraoccipital synchondroses
closes @ 3-5 years old
37
growth sites of cranial base: spheno-occipital synchondroses
15-20 years old
38
growth sites of cranial base: spheno-ethmoidal synchondroses
6-7 years old, mostly anterior
39
growth sites of cranial base: intersphenoidal synchondroses
during birth
40
other name of maxilla
nasomaxillary complex
41
in maxilla, growth occurs in 2 ways
apposition surface modeling and remodeling
42
maxilla; growth displacement:
downward-forward
43
maxilla; deposition of bone at the sutures that connect the maxilla to the cranium and cranial base
apposition
44
maxilla; as the maxilla grows downward and forward
surface modeling and remodeling
45
area is carried downward and forward along with the rest of the maxilla
root of the mouth
46
growth displacement of mandible
downward-forward
47
____ covers the surface of the mandible condyle at the _____.
cartilage ; temporomandibular joint
48
At what age does the greatest increase in the size of the mandible occur distal to the first molar
6
49
trail behind the growth of the jaws before adolescence, then undergo a growth spurt to catch up
lips
50
true or false. lip height relatively short during mixed dentition
true
51
at what age does nasal bone growth is complete?
10
52
theories of craniofacial growth
genetic theory sicher’s theory scott’s theory moss’ theory petrovic’s theory
53
growth is controlled by genetic influence
genetic theory
54
sutural growth
sicher’s theory
55
growth depends on cartilage and periosteum
scott’s theory
56
form follows function
moss’ theory
57
servosystem theory
petrovic’s theory
58
known as “V” principle of growth
enlows
59
most facial bones are?
V-shaped
60
deposition; ____ resorption;____
deposition; inner side resorption; outer side
61
3 conditions that merit special attention during this stage
premature birth, chronic illness, and nutritional status
62
3 phenomenon in the last 200-300 years related to growth:
increase in size in most individuals lowering of sexual maturation age secular changes on body proportions
63
growth is faster and mature earlier
increase in size in most individuals
64
the average age of girls first menarche has < 1 year
lowering of sexual maturation age
65
skull proportions have changed throughout the years
secular changes on body proportions
66
the principal physiologic functions of the oral cavity
respiration swallowing mastication speech
67
primary determinant of posture of the mandible and tongue
respiration
68
infant performs nibbling movements of the lips on the milk ducts to stimulate the muscle to contract and release milk
suckling
69
tongue must be placed anteriorly in contact with the lower lip so that the milk is deposited on the tongue, and allow the milk to flow posteriorly into the pharynx and esophagus; disappears after the first year of life
infantile swallow
70
common in infants that this posture is usually adopted at rest
tongue-to-lower lip position
71
chewing movements of a child typically involve moving the mandible laterally as it opens
mastication
72
thumb-sucking habit duration
minimum of 6 hours
73
thumb-sucking frequency
am & pm
74
thumb-sucking intensity
1 room away
75
due to aberrations in the development of the dental lamina
natal teeth
76
eruption sequence of primary dentition
ABDCE
77
1. between b & c ; mesial to the primary canine 2. between C & D; distal to the primary canine
1. Maxillary 2. Mandibular
78
a radiograph of this provide a view of small bones which have predictable sequence of ossification
wrist & hand markers
79
cvm
cervical vertebral maturation method
80
represents a person’s level of development
developmental age
81
represents the actual time elapsed since birth
chronological age
82
a stage of rapid eruption from the time the tooth penetrates the gingiva until it reaches the occlusal plane
postemergent eruption
83
distortion of root form
dilaceration
84
stage of relatively rapid eruption from the time a tooth penetrates the gingiva until it reaches the occlusal level
postemergent spurt
85
very slow eruption; eruption of teeth parallel the growth the jaws
juvenile occlusal equilibrium
86
final phase in tooth eruption, during adult life, teeth continue to erupt at an extremely slow rate
adult occlusal equilibrium
87
represents the level of dental development
dental age
88
represents the actual time elapsed since birth
chronological age
89
dental age 6
pmnt. man. ci pmnt. man. fm pmnt. max. fm
90
dental age 7
permanent max. ci permanent man. li
91
dental age 8
permanent max. li
92
dental age 11
permanent man. canine permanent man. 1st pm permanent max. 1st pm
93
dental age 12
maxillary 2nd premolars maxillary second molars mandibular second oremolars mandibular second molars

ORTHO RBE (1 decks)

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