P1 motion, forces, energy Flashcards
What can Energy be stored as?
kinetic, gravitational potential, chemical, elastic (strain), nuclear, electrostatic and internal (thermal)
Describe how energy is transferred between stores during events and processes
Mechanical Work: Energy transfer via force causing displacement.
Heat Transfer: Movement of thermal energy from hot to cold.
Radiation: Energy transfer via electromagnetic waves.
Electrical Work: Energy movement through charged particles.
Chemical Reactions: Transforming chemical energy into other forms.
Nuclear Reactions: Conversion of nuclear energy.
equation for kinetic
Ek= ½mv(2)
Kinetic energy = half x mass X volume(2)
equation for the change in gravitational potential energy
ΔEp = mgΔh
Change in potential energy = mass x gravity x change in height
for mechanical or electrical what is work done?
mechanical or electrical work done is equal to the energy transferred
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another.
Formula for work done
w=fd
work = force x distance
what is mechanical work?
a (moving) force moving an object through a distance
What is electrical work?
charges moving due to a potential difference
What is Heating?
due to (heat) temperature difference caused electrically or by chemical reaction
What is Radiation?
energy transferred as a wave, eg light and infrared - the sun emits light radiation and infrared radiation
Describe how useful energy may be obtained, or electrical power generated, from fossil fuels
Burned in power plants, heat water to produce steam, which drives turbines connected to generators.
Describe how useful energy may be obtained, or electrical power generated, from biofuels
Derived from organic materials, burned directly or converted into fuels like ethanol for energy.
Describe how useful energy may be obtained, or electrical power generated, from water, including waves, tides, and
hydroelectric dams
Hydroelectric dams, tidal power, and wave power drive turbines connected to generators using the movement of water.
Describe how useful energy may be obtained, or electrical power generated, from geothermal resources
Extracts heat energy from the Earth’s internal heat to drive turbines.