P1- Motion

Question 1

what is a scalar quantity?

Answer 1

a quantity with a magnitude (size) only

Question 2

what is a vector quantity?

Answer 2

a quantity that has a magnitude and direction

Question 3

name 4 examples of scalar quantities

Answer 3

• speed
• mass
• distance
• time

Question 4

name 4 examples of vector quantities

Answer 4

• velocity
• displacement
• force/ weight
• acceleration

Question 5

how do you calculate speed?

Answer 5

speed = distance/mean time

Question 6

how do you calculate velocity?

Answer 6

velocity = displacement/mean time

Question 7

is a person running at 4m/s an example of speed or velocity?

Answer 7

speed

Question 8

if a train travels 55m/s east, is this a scalar or vector quantity?

Answer 8

vector - it is an example of velocity, which is a vector quantity

Question 9

is a person walking 1.5 m/s south an example of speed or velocity?

Answer 9

velocity

Question 10

is a cyclist cycling 6m/s backwards an example of speed or velocity?

Answer 10

velocity

Question 11

Sally is walking at a constant speed to school. The road she is walking on has some bends. Will her velocity change?

Answer 11

yes - your velocity will change when the direction you are moving changes

Question 12

What is displacement?

Answer 12

DISPLACEMENT is the distance covered in a straight line, and has a direction

Question 13

Is the displacement at the end of a journey usually more or less than the distance travelled?

Answer 13

less because of the turns or bends in the journey

Question 14

what does a horizontal line on a distance time graph mean?

Answer 14

the object is stationary

Question 15

what type of line shows that an object is travelling at a constant speed on a distance time graph?

Answer 15

a straight, sloping line

Question 16

is the object moving slower or faster when the line is steeper on a distance time graph?

Answer 16

faster

Question 17

what do you use on a distance time graph to calculate the speed?

Answer 17

the gradient of the line

Question 18

how do you calculate gradient?

Answer 18

change in y/change in x
(change in distance/change in time)

Question 19

is the distance on a distance time graph the x or y axis?

Answer 19

y axis

Question 20

is the time on a distance time graph the x or y axis?

Answer 20

x axis

Question 21

if the object is stationary, what is the gradient?

Answer 21

0

Question 22

what does an increasing gradient show?

Answer 22

increasing speed - ACCELERATION

Question 23

what does a decreasing gradient show?

Answer 23

decreasing speed - DECELERATION

Question 24

what should you draw on a distance time graph when calculating the gradient of a curve?

Answer 24

a tangent

Question 25

what is acceleration?

Answer 25

a change in velocity in a given time

Question 26

what is acceleration measured in?

Answer 26

m/s²

Question 27

what is the formula for acceleration? (not including distance)

Answer 27

a = v-u/t

Question 28

what is the formula for acceleration including distance?

Answer 28

v²=u²+2ax OR v²-u²=2ax

Question 29

what does the v, u, t and x stand for in the equations for acceleration?

Answer 29

v = final velocity u = initial velocity t = time x = distance

Question 30

If you are slowing down are you accelerating?

Answer 30

yes - negative acceleration = deceleration

Question 31

If you aren't moving are you accelerating?

Answer 31

no

Question 32

Are you accelerating if you are speeding up?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

Are you accelerating if you are changing directions?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

is acceleration a scalar or vector quantity?

Answer 34

vector - has direction as well as magnitude (accelerating backwards= deceleration/ negative acceleration)

Question 35

what is the independent variable?

Answer 35

variable we change

Question 36

what is the dependent variable?

Answer 36

variable we choose

Question 37

what is the control variable?

Answer 37

variable which stays the same

Question 38

A car is travelling at 5m/s. It accelerates to 15m/s in 2 seconds. Calculate the acceleration.

Answer 38

a=v-u/t a=15-5/2 a=10/2 a=5 5m/s²

Question 39

what is the acceleration of anything that is dropped?

Answer 39

9.8m/s - FORCE OF GRAVITY

Question 40

what do velocity time graphs show?

Answer 40

how an object's velocity changes over time

Question 41

what is the calculation for gradient also a calculation for?

Answer 41

acceleration gradient = change in y/change in x this formula can also be written as: change in velocity/change in time

Question 42

what does the gradient on a velocity time graph also tell you?

Answer 42

the acceleration

Question 43

if a curve on a velocity time graph is getting steeper, what does this tell you about the gradient?

Answer 43

the gradient must be increasing

Question 44

if a curve on a velocity time graph is getting steeper, what does this tell you about the rate of acceleration?

Answer 44

rate of acceleration is increasing

Question 45

what does a constant positive gradient on a velocity time graph also show?

Answer 45

constant acceleration

Question 46

what does a constant negative gradient on a velocity time graph also show?

Answer 46

constant deceleration

Question 47

what is negative acceleration?

Answer 47

deceleration

Question 48

if something has a constant velocity, what would this look like on a velocity time graph?

Answer 48

a flat horizontal line with a gradient of 0

Question 49

what does finding the area of the space beneath a line on a velocity time graph tell you and why do you do this?

Answer 49

finding the total area tells you the total distance travelled this is because distance = speed x velocity

Question 50

how do you find the total distance travelled on a velocity time graph?

Answer 50

finding the area beneath the line create shapes in the space beneath the line and find the areas of these shapes (can be squares, rectangles or triangles). Once you have found all the different areas add them all up to find the total distance travelled in some situations where there is a diagonal line, you will have to make a triangle, and calculate the area from that.

Question 51

how do you calculate the distance travelled on a velocity time graph when there is a curve?

Answer 51

calculate the amount of squares beneath it - if there are two 1/2s, add them together to create 1 full square