P1 motion

Question 1

Difference between speed and velocity

Answer 1

Speed is a scalar quantity (only has magnitude/size) while velocity is a vector quantity (has both magnitude/size and direction)

Question 2

Velocity

Answer 2

Describes an object’s direction as well as its speed (vector quantity - has magnitude/size and direction)

Question 3

Average speed equation

Answer 3

Average speed(m/s)= total distance(m)/total time taken(s)

Question 4

Acceleration equation

Answer 4

Acceleration(m/s^2) = change in velocity(m/s)/time taken(s)

Question 5

Distance-time graph y-axis

Answer 5

Distance(m)

Question 6

Distance-time graph x-axis

Answer 6

Time(s)

Question 7

Distance-time graph straight line

Answer 7

Constant speed

Question 8

Distance-time graph horizontal line

Answer 8

Stationary

Question 9

Speed-time graph y-axis

Answer 9

Speed(m/s)

Question 10

Speed-time graph x-axis

Answer 10

Time(s)

Question 11

Speed-time graph horizontal line

Answer 11

Constant speed

Question 12

Speed-time graph y = 0

Answer 12

Not moving/at rest

Question 13

Acceleration

Answer 13

Determines a change in speed

Question 14

Speed-time graph positive gradient

Answer 14

Speed increases with time/acceleration

Question 15

Speed-time graph negative gradient

Answer 15

Slowing down/deceleration

Question 16

Area under a speed-time graph

Answer 16

Distance travelled by an object

Question 17

Free fall

Answer 17

If an object is in freefall, then the object’s weight is the only force acting on it

Question 18

An object in free fall will…

Answer 18

Accelerate at a constant rate due to gravity

Question 19

Average value for acceleration on Earth due to gravity

Answer 19

9.82 m/s^2 but usually rounded up to 10 m/s^2

Question 20

Falling with air resistance

Answer 20

• Objects falling through the Earth’s atmosphere do not continue to accelerate because air resistance slows them down
• The force due to air resistance increases as the speed of a falling object decreases

Question 21

Air resistance

Answer 21

A frictional force that opposes the motion of objects moving quickly through the air (caused by particles hitting the object)

Question 22

Weight

Answer 22

The force that acts downwards on an object due to gravity

Question 23

Distance-time graph in free fall

Answer 23

A line curving upwards

Question 24

Speed-time graph in free fall

Answer 24

Straight slanted line

Question 25

Velocity equation

Answer 25

Velocity = displacement/time

Question 26

Distance

Answer 26

How far an object moves (scalar quantity)

Question 27

Displacement

Answer 27

The distance an object moved in a straight line from a starting to a finishing point (vector quantity)

Question 28

Velocity-time graph y-axis

Answer 28

Velocity

Question 29

Velocity-time graph x-axis

Answer 29

Time(s)

Question 30

Velocity-time graph horizontal line

Answer 30

Constant velocity

Question 31

Velocity-time graph y = 0

Answer 31

Not moving/at rest

Question 32

Velocity-time graph positive gradient

Answer 32

Velocity increases with time/acceleration

Question 33

Velocity-time graph negative gradient

Answer 33

Slows down/deceleration

Question 34

Objects that move in a circular path at a constant speed have…

Answer 34

Positive acceleration as their direction is constantly changing (also a change in velocity)

Question 35

Gradient of velocity-time graph equals to…

Answer 35

Acceleration of the object

Question 36

Area under velocity-time graph

Answer 36

Distance travelled

Question 37

Scalar quantity

Answer 37

Only has magnitude(size)

Question 38

Vector quantity

Answer 38

Has magnitude(size) and direction

Question 39

Distance-time graph gradient

Answer 39

Speed/velocity

Question 40

Gradient equation

Answer 40

Rise/run

Question 41

Vector quantities

Answer 41

- Displacement - Velocity - Weight - Force - Acceleration

Question 42

Scalar quantities

Answer 42

- Speed - Distance - Temp. - Time - Energy

Question 43

Mass

Answer 43

A measure of the amount of matter an object contains (constant - the same on Earth, the Moon and in space)

Question 44

Weight

Answer 44

The gravitational force of attraction on an object caused by the presence of a massive second objects (Earth, Moon)

Question 45

Weight equation

Answer 45

Weight(N) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength(10N)

Question 46

Density equation

Answer 46

Density(g/cm^3) = mass/volume

Question 47

Density

Answer 47

How packed particles are

Question 48

How to determine the density of an irregularly shaped solid

Answer 48

Method: displacement - Object submerged fully in liquid - Volume of water that object displaces is the volume of the objects - Measure the mass of the object on a balance - Calculate density using equation

Question 49

How to determine the density of a regularly shaped objects

Answer 49

- Measure the volume - Measure the mass using a scale - Calculate density using equation

Question 50

How to determine the density of a liquid

Answer 50

- Find mass - Find volume - Calculate density using equation

Question 51

Unbalance forces can change the ___, ___ and ___ of an object

Answer 51

- Direction - Speed - Shape

Question 52

Balanced forces

Answer 52

A pair of forces which are equal in size but opposite in direction - Stays stationary - Constant velocity

Question 53

Unbalanced forces

Answer 53

When the resultant force on each side is not the same - Acceleration - Deceleration - Change in direction

Question 54

Friction

Answer 54

The force between two surfaces which impedes motion and results in heating

Question 55

Resultant force

Answer 55

The sum of all forces acting on an object

Question 56

Newton’s second law

Answer 56

Resultant force(N) = mass(kg) x acceleration(m/s^2) F = m x a

Question 57

Extension-load graph y-axis

Answer 57

Force

Question 58

Extension-load graph x-axis

Answer 58

Extension

Question 59

Hooke’s law

Answer 59

Force(N) = spring constant x extension F = kx

Question 60

Limit of proportionality on extension-load graph

Answer 60

The highest stress at which stress and strain are directly proportional (when the spring can no longer return to its original length when masses are removed)

Question 61

Moment equation

Answer 61

Moment(Nm) = force(N) x distance from pivot(m) m = F x d

Question 62

Moment

Answer 62

The turning effect of a force

Question 63

A system is in equilibrium when…

Answer 63

There is no resultant force and no resultant turning effect

Question 64

Centre of mass

Answer 64

The point at which the whole mass of the body is concentrated

Question 65

Effect of the position of the centre of mass on the stability of simple objects

Answer 65

If the centre of mass is before the pivot then the object will not fall over but if the centre of mass is after the pivot then it will topple over

Question 66

Pressure equation

Answer 66

Pressure(N/m^2) = force(N)/area(m^2) P = F/A