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P1 Key words > p1 key terms > Flashcards

p1 key terms Flashcards

1
Q

Amplitude

A

The maximum disturbance or vibration measured from midpoint

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2
Q

Big Bang

A

The massive expansion that sent all matter outwards signalling the start of the Universe creating space and time

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3
Q

Biofuel

A

A solid, liquid or gas obtained from lifeless or living biological material

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4
Q

Condensation

A

The change of a vapour into a liquid due to particle losing Kinetic energy and coming closer togeter

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5
Q

Conduction

A

The energy transfer in solids without the substance itself moving due to vibrations of particles. In metals it’s caused by movement of free electrons

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6
Q

Conductor

A

A material that readily transfers energy by atomic vibrations or through the movement of free electrons

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7
Q

Convection

A

The energy transfer through movement in liquids and gases due to hooter fluids having a lower density and rising

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8
Q

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR)

A

Electromagnetic radiation that fills the whole universe. It comes from the initial start of the universe

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9
Q

Doppler Effect

A

The change in wavelength or frequency associated with a wave from a moving source

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10
Q

Echo

A

A reflected sound wave

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11
Q

Effieciency

A

The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input expressed as a percentage or decimal number

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12
Q

Electrical Energy

A

Energy of electrical charge or current measured in joules J

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13
Q

Energy Transfer

A

A measure of how much work is done on an object or material

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14
Q

Evaporation

A

The change from liquid into a vapour below the boiling point of the liquid that causes cooling

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15
Q

Frequency

A

The number of cycles or oscillations that occur in 1 second, measured in hertz Hz

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16
Q

Infrared Radiation

A

The transfer of thermal radiation by electromagnetic waves

17
Q

Insulator

A

A material that doesn’t conduct well

18
Q

Kinetic theory

A

A theory that explains the physical properties of matter in terms of the movement of particles

19
Q

Longitudinal Wave

A

A wave where the oscillations are parallel to the direction to energy transfer

20
Q

National Grid

A

A network of power lines and cables that carries electricity from the power station to the consumer

21
Q

Non-Renewable Energy Source

A

An energy source that can’t be replaced as fast as it is used

22
Q

Normal Line

A

The line constructed at 90 degrees to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence

23
Q

Nuclear fuels

A

Uranium and plutonium used in nuclear power stations to provide the transfer of energy by heat

24
Q

Power

A

Work done or energy transferred in a given time, units of watts W, power is energy divided by time

25
Q

Red-Shift

A

The shift in light or other electromagnetic waves to longer wavelengths

26
Q

Renewable energy source

A

An energy source that can be replaced faster than it is used

27
Q

Sankey Diagram

A

An energy transfer diagram where the widths of the arrows are proportional to the amount of energy used

28
Q

Sound Wave

A

Forward and backward vibrations within a material or medium, sound waves are longitudinal waves. It can’t travel through a vacuum

29
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

The amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of a material by 1 degree measured in J per kg degrees centigrade

30
Q

Transformer

A

An electrical device used to change the voltage or potential difference of alternating currents

31
Q

Transverse Wave

A

A wave where the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

32
Q

U-Value

A

A measure of the effectiveness of a material as an insulator High U value means it’s a poor insulator

33
Q

Wave Equation

A

An equation that connects frequency and wavelength for waves, wave speed equals frequency x wavelength

34
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance between two successive peaks or troughs in a wave

35
Q

Radio waves

A

These EM waves are used to transmit tv and radio programmes

36
Q

Microwaves

A

These EM waves are used to transmit to and from satellites

37
Q

Ultraviolet

A

This EM wave causes skin cancer

38
Q

Gamma

A

This EM wave is used to sterilise hospital equipment

P1 Key words (1 decks)

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