p1: energy stores and transfers Flashcards
name the eight energy stores
kinetic
thermal
gravitational potential
elastic potential
chemical
nuclear
magnetic
electrostatic
name 4 ways in which energy can be transferred
heating
waves
electric current
mechanically
what is a system
an object or group of objects
what is a closed system
where no energy can be transferred to or from the surroundings
what is work done
energy transferred when a force moves an object
what is the unit for energy
joules ( J )
what is one joule of work
the work done when a force of 1N causes an object to move 1m in the direction of the force
describe the energy transfer when a moving car slows down
energy is transferred mechanically from the kinetic store of the car to the thermal store of its brakes
describe the energy transfer when an electric kettle is used to heat water
the electrical current in a kettle transfers energy to the heating elements thermal store
energy is then transferred
describe the energy transfer when a ball is fired using an elastic band
energy is transferred mechanically from the elastic store of the elastic band to the kinetic store of the band
describe the energy transfer when a battery powered toy car is used
energy is transferred electrically from the chemical store of the battery to the kinetic store of the toy car
describe the energy transfer when a falling apple hits the ground
energy is transferred from the kinetic store of the apple and dissipated to the thermal store of the surroundings
name the unit that represents one joule transferred per second
watt ( W )
kinetic energy
energy an object has because it is moving
gravitational potential energy
energy an object has because of its height above the ground
elastic potential energy
energy an elastic object has when it is stretched or compressed
thermal energy
energy an object has because of it temperature
chemical energy
energy can be transferred by chemical reactions involving foods , fuels , and chemical batteries
nuclear energy
energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
magnetic energy
energy a magnetic object has when it is near a magnet or a magnetic field
electrostatic energy
energy a charged object has when near another charged object
