P1 - Energy stores and transfers Flashcards
Paper 1
What is the definition of kinetic energy?
Energy an object has because it is moving
What is the definition of gravitational potential energy?
Energy an object has because of its height above the ground
What is the definition of elastic potential energy?
Energy an elastic object has when it is stretched or compressed
What is the definition of thermal energy?
Energy and object has because of its temperature (the total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in the object)
What is the definition of chemical energy?
Energy that can be transferred by chemical reactions involving foods, fuels, and the chemicals in batteries
What is the definition of nuclear energy?
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
What is the definition of magnetic energy?
Energy a magnetic object has when it is near a magnet or in a magnetic field
What is the definition of electrostatic energy?
Energy a charged object has when near another charged object
What is work done?
Energy transferred when a force moves an object
What is a system?
An object or group of objects
What is a closed system?
Where no energy can escape to or enter from the surroundings. The total energy in a closed system never changes.
There are 4 ways that energy can be transferred to and from different stores. name them and how it does so.
Heating, energy transferred from one object to another object with a lower temperature.
Waves, energy transfer by radiation
Electricity, when an electric current flows it can transfer energy
Forces (mechanical work), when a force moves or changes the shape of an object
What is the definition of power?
How much work is done (or how much energy is transferred) per second
What is the unit of power?
Correct
What is the definition of efficiency?
How much energy is transferred usefully
What is dissipated energy?
Wasted energy (e.g. heat from a light bulb)
What is lubrication?
A way of reducing unwanted energy transfer due to friction
What is streamlining?
A way of reducing energy wasted due to air resistance or drag in water
