P1 Energy stores and systems Flashcards
What is the definition of energy?
Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.
What are the two main types of energy?
Kinetic energy and potential energy.
True or False: Energy can be created or destroyed.
False: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.
Fill in the blank: The unit of energy is __________.
Joule (J)
What type of energy is associated with an object’s motion?
Kinetic energy.
What type of energy is stored in an object due to its position?
Potential energy.
Which type of potential energy is associated with height?
Gravitational potential energy.
What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?
KE = 1/2 mv^2, where m is mass and v is velocity.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
GPE = mgh, where m is mass, g is gravitational field strength, and h is height.
True or False: A battery stores chemical energy.
True.
What type of energy is stored in a compressed spring?
Elastic potential energy.
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Fill in the blank: The energy transfer from one store to another is called __________.
Energy transfer.
What is meant by ‘energy efficiency’?
Energy efficiency is the ratio of useful energy output to total energy input.
How can energy be transferred?
Through work, heat, and radiation.
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
True or False: All energy transfers are 100% efficient.
False.
What does a Sankey diagram represent?
A Sankey diagram represents energy transfers and shows the efficiency of energy use.
What is a renewable energy source?
A renewable energy source is one that can be replenished naturally, such as solar or wind energy.
What is a non-renewable energy source?
A non-renewable energy source is one that cannot be replenished in a short time, such as fossil fuels.
What is the main disadvantage of fossil fuels?
They produce greenhouse gases and contribute to climate change.
What is meant by ‘energy store’?
An energy store is a system that holds energy in one form until it is converted to another form.
Fill in the blank: The energy stored in food is an example of __________ energy.
Chemical energy.
What is mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.
What role does friction play in energy transfers?
Friction converts kinetic energy into thermal energy, often resulting in energy loss.
True or False: All forms of energy can be transformed into other forms.
True.
