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GCSE Physics > P1 - Energy For The Home > Flashcards

P1 - Energy For The Home Flashcards

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1
Q

What is heat?

A

Heat is the measure of energy.

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2
Q

What is temperature?

A

Temperature is a measure of hotness (heat)

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3
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

It is how much energy it takes to increase a objects of 1kg overall temperature for 1 degree centigrade

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4
Q

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

A

Energy = Mass x Specific heat capacity x Temperature change

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5
Q

Which direction does heat transfer?

A

Hot to cold

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6
Q

What is specific latent heat?

A

This is the energy needed to change the state of 1kg without the temperature changing.

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7
Q

What is the equation for specific latent heat?

A

Energy = mass x SLH

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8
Q

What is condition?

A

This mainly occurs in solids and the heat is passed on by vibrating particles passing the KE on

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9
Q

What is convection?

A

This happens in liquids and gases and when the particles rise when heated then cool and sink

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10
Q

What makes objects emit and absorb more energy?

A
  • Rough surfaces

- Matt and darker colours

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11
Q

What are some ways of saving energy in a home?

A
  • loft insulation
  • double glazing
  • thick curtains
  • wall insulation
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12
Q

What can show you the efficiency of your home?

A

Thermograms (white = warmest and black = coldest)

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13
Q

How do you work out the efficiency?

A

Efficiency = useful energy output / total energy input (x100)

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14
Q

What happens to the energy input of machines?

A

Some is used as a useful energy output and some is waste energy

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15
Q

What diagram can you use to show what happens to the energy of an application?

A

Sankey diagram

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16
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

This is from one crest to another

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17
Q

What is the amplitude?

A

From the rest position to the crest.

18
Q

What is the equation for wave speed?

A

Speed = frequency x wavelength

19
Q

Why is light reflected?

A

So you can see objects

20
Q

What is the law of the reflection?

A

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

21
Q

What is total internal reflection?

A

If the total internal reflection is greater than the critical angle light will be reflected

22
Q

What is diffraction?

A

This is the spreading out of waves when they go through a gap

23
Q

What is refraction?

A

This is when light hits a denser material at an angle, changing its angle

24
Q

What characteristics do lasers have?

A
  • Monochromatic (in one colour and phase)
  • Intense beat (increase in amplitude with same wavelength)
  • Low divergence (very small ray)
25
Q

How do lasers read digital information?

A

In the CD there are lands and pits which represents on and off and the laser can detect this.

26
Q

How can infrared be used to control electrical equipment?

A

This sends impulses to the equipment giving instructions on what to do

27
Q

How are radio waves used for communications?

A

The short wave radio waves reflect of the ionosphere

The long wave radio waves diffract around the earth

They can refract off the ionosphere making them travel further

28
Q

How are microwaves used for communication?

A

They are used for satellite communication because they can easily go through clouds and water vapour

29
Q

What are EM receivers?

A

These collect the information

30
Q

What are the two types of signals?

A

Analogue and digital

31
Q

What is the interference like on analogue signals?

A

There is much more as there is able to be much more on a wave

32
Q

What is the interference like on digital signals?

A

There is less interference because there is only on and off and it’s only on them

33
Q

What radiation causes skin cancer?

A

Ultraviolet radiation

34
Q

What does the sun protection factor show (SPF)?

A

If it is FPS 15 it means that you will last 15 times longer

35
Q

How is the ozone layer broken down?

A

CFCs from fridges and aerosols break down ozone to oxygen which means ionising radiation is let in

36
Q

Where is there a hole in the ozone layer?

A

Over Antarctica

37
Q

What do earthquakes cause?

A

Seismic waves

38
Q

What are long longitudinal waves?

A

P waves are the vibration that travel the same way as the wave direction

39
Q

What are transverse waves?

A

S waves that vibrations are at right angles to the wave direction

40
Q

What are the characteristics of p waves?

A

Travel fast so they can travel through solids and liquids

41
Q

What are the characteristics of S waves?

A

They are slow meaning they can only travel through solids

GCSE Physics (3 decks)

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