P1 energy and electricity

Question 1

How does a larger surface area affect the rate of evaporation

Answer 1

It increases it

Question 2

Evaporation causes this

Answer 2

Cooling

Question 3

In terms of particles evaporation happens when

Answer 3

The particles with the highest Kinetic energy escape from the fluid

Question 4

This colour is the most effective emitter or absorber of Infra red radiation

Answer 4

Black

Question 5

This colour is the least effective emitter or absorber of Infra red radiation

Answer 5

White or silver

Question 6

Burning fossil fuels produces these two polluting gases

Answer 6

Carbon dioxide and Sulphur dioxide

Question 7

Carbon Dioxide causes this effect

Answer 7

Greenhouse effect

Question 8

Sulphur dioxide causes this

Answer 8

Acid rain

Question 9

The unit we most commonly use to measure energy

Answer 9

The Joule

Question 10

The unit we most commonly use to measure power

Answer 10

The Watt

Question 11

The form of energy that is most commonly wasted

Answer 11

Heat

Question 12

Define Geothermal energy

Answer 12

Energy obtained from hot rocks inside the Earth

Question 13

When substances change state ie from solid to liquid, the particles lose or gain this type of energy

Answer 13

Kinetic energy

Question 14

Define Hydroelectric energy

Answer 14

Energy obtained by allowing water to flow downhill and turn turbines

Question 15

Define U value

Answer 15

A value used to indicate how effective a material is at insulating

Question 16

High U value means

Answer 16

The material is a bad insulator

Question 17

Low U value means

Answer 17

The material is a good insulator

Question 18

Define Conduction

Answer 18

The transfer of heat energy by the passing of vibrations from one particle to the next

Question 19

Define Conduction in metals

Answer 19

The transfer of heat energy by the movement of free electrons and vibration of IONS

Question 20

Define Convection

Answer 20

The transfer of heat energy by the movement of a liquid or gas due to it having a low density

Question 21

Factors that affect the rate at which heat is lost

Answer 21

Surface Area, Colour, Material, Temperature Difference

Question 22

Reliable Energy resource

Answer 22

Can make electrcity whenever it is needed eg coal

Question 23

Unreliable energy resource

Answer 23

Can only make electricity at certain times eg tidal

Question 24

Define Condensation

Answer 24

A vapour turning back to a liquid due to particles losing K.E and coming closer together

Question 25

Advantages of Nuclear Fuel

Answer 25

Doesn’t produce Carbon dioxide or Sulpur dioxide

Question 26

Disadvantages of Nuclear fuel

Answer 26

High cost of decommisioning reactor

Question 27

Define decomissioning of a nuclear reactor

Answer 27

the act of removing radioative waste prior to closing a nuclear plant

Question 28

Define Payback time

Answer 28

The amount of time taken to recover the initial cost of an appliance due to the amount of money saved each year

Question 29

Transformers

Answer 29

Devidces which can alter the voltage and current of electricity

Question 30

Step up Transformer

Answer 30

A device that increases voltage and lowers current. This reduce energy loss when transmitting electricity

Question 31

Step down Transformer

Answer 31

A device that decreases voltage and increases current. This make electricity more suitable for home use as less chance of sparking

Question 32

Advantages of overhead power lines

Answer 32

Easy to repair, less expensive

Question 33

Disadvantages of overhead power lines

Answer 33

Spoil view, danger to aircraft

Question 34

Advantages of underground power lines

Answer 34

Don’t spoil view no danger to aircraft

Question 35

Disadvantages of underground power lines

Answer 35

Not easy to repair, more expensive