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PHYSICS Questions > P1 Energy > Flashcards

P1 Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation linking kinetic energy, mass and velocity?

A

Ek= 0.5mv^2

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2
Q

What are the units of energy?

A

joules

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3
Q

What are the units of mass?

A

kilograms

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4
Q

What are the units of velocity?

A

metres per second

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5
Q

What is the equation linking gravitationa field strength, gravitational potential energy and height?

A

Ep=mgh

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6
Q

What are the units of gravitational field strength?

A

newtons per kilogram

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7
Q

What is the equation linking energy transferred, power and time?

A

P=E/t

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8
Q

What are the units of power?

A

Watts

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9
Q

What is the definition of power?

A

Power is the rate of transfer of energy or the rate of doing work

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10
Q

What is the equation linking power, time and work done?

A

P=W/t

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11
Q

What are the units of work done?

A

joules

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12
Q

What is the equation for calculating efficiency from energy?

A

Efficiency = useful energy output/total energy input

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13
Q

What is the equation for calculating efficiency from power?

A

Efficiency = useful power output/useful power input

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14
Q

What is the type of energy transferred when a force moves through a distance?

A

Mechanical transfer

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15
Q

Mechanical transfer is…?

A

The energy transfer when a force moves through a distance

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16
Q

Electrical transfer is…?

A

energy transferred when a charge moves?

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17
Q

What is the energy transferred when a charge moves?

A

electrical transfer

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18
Q

What is the energy transferred by electromagnetic radiation?

A

Radiation transfer

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19
Q

Radiation transfer is…?

A

The energy transferred by electromagnetic radiation.

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20
Q

Heat transfer is…?

A

Energy transferred when an object is heated.

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21
Q

When an object is heated the energy transfer is a…?

A

heat transfer

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22
Q

List the 4 energy transfer pathways.

A

Mechanical, electrical, radiation and heat.

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23
Q

List 4 energy stores.

A

Four from: chemical, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, internal, nuclear, magnetic, electrostatic.

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24
Q

Energy stored in objects which move.

A

kinetic

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25
Q

What is a kinetic energy store

A

Energy stored in objects which move

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26
Q

Chemical energy is stored as…?

A

chemicals waiting to react

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27
Q

A battery is a store of __________ energy.

A

chemical

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28
Q

Food is a store of __________ energy.

A

chemical

29
Q

A moving object is a store of ____________ energy

A

kinetic

30
Q

What is a gravitational potential store?

A

energy stored in objects raised up against the force of gravity.

31
Q

A rock at the top of a hill is a store of ___________ energy.

A

gravitational potential

32
Q

What is an elastic potential store?

A

Energy stored in an object which has been stretched or compressed.

33
Q

A compressed spring is a store of ___________ energy

A

elastic potential

34
Q

An inflated balloon is a store of __________ energy

A

elastic potential

35
Q

The internal energy store is…

A

energy stored in the movement of particles.

36
Q

The internal energy store of an object can be changed by…?

A

heating or cooling

37
Q

Energy stored in the nuclei of atoms is in the __________ store.

A

nuclear

38
Q

What is a nuclear energy store?

A

Energy stored in the nuclei of atoms that can fuse or split.

39
Q

What is the name of the process in which the nuclei of atoms fuse together?

A

fusion

40
Q

What is the name of the process in which the nucleus of an atom splits?

A

fisssion

41
Q

What is the magnetic energy store?

A

Energy stored in magnets that are attracting or repelling

42
Q

What is the electrostatic energy store?

A

Energy stored in electric charges that are attracting or repelling

43
Q

Name two non-renewable energy resources

A

Fossil fuels, nuclear fuel

44
Q

What are some advantages of fossil fuels as an energy resource?

A

reliable, cheap

45
Q

What is a reliable energy source

A

one which can produce energy all the time.

46
Q

What are some disadvantages of fossil fuels?

A

carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) produced leading to global warming. Can produce sulphur dioxide causing acid rain.

47
Q

What are some advantages of nuclear fuel?

A

No carbon dioxide produced, reliable.

48
Q

What are some disadvantages of nuclear fuel?

A

nuclear waste remains radioactive for thousands of years. Expensive to build and decommission

49
Q

List 4 renewable energy resources.

A

Any 4 from: biofuel, wind, hydroelectricity, geothermal, tidal, wave, solar.

50
Q

What are some advantages of biofuels?

A

carbon neutral, reliable

51
Q

What are some disadvantages of biofuels?

A

production of fuel can damage ecosystems and reduce variety of crops grown

52
Q

What are some advantages of wind power?

A

No carbon dioxide produced

53
Q

What are some disadvantages of wind power?

A

unreliable, expensive to construct

54
Q

What are some advantages of hydroelectricity?

A

No carbon dioxide produced

55
Q

What are some disadvantages of hydroelectricty?

A

blocks rivers preventing fish migration, unreliable (may not produce electricity during droughts)

56
Q

What are some advantages of geothermal energy?

A

doesn’t damage ecosystems, reliable.

57
Q

What are some disadvantages of geothermal energy?

A

fluids drawn from ground may contain greenhouse gases such as CO2 and methane.These contribute to global warming

58
Q

What are some advantages of tidal energy?

A

No carbon dioxide produced.

59
Q

What are some disadvantages of tidal energy?

A

unreliable - tides vary, may damage tidal ecosystem

60
Q

What are some advantages of wave power?

A

No carbon dioxide produced

61
Q

What are some disadvantages of wave power?

A

unreliable - may not produce electricity when calm seas

62
Q

What are some advantages of solar power?

A

No carbon dioxide produced

63
Q

What are some disadvantages of solar power?

A

unreliable - no electricity produced at night and limited on cloudy days. Expensive to construct.

64
Q

What term is used to describe energy becoming spread out or transferred to a “wasted” store?

A

dissipation

65
Q

What term is used to describe a method for reducing unwanted energy transfers by reducing friction?

A

lubrication

66
Q

What is a thermal insulator?

A

A non-conductive material which reduces thermal energy transfers.

67
Q

What is the name for a method of reducing energy transfers by the use of non-conductive materials?

A

insulation

68
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created and destroyed but only transferred from one store to another.

69
Q

Define specific heat capacity

A

The energy needed to raise the temperature 1 kg of a material by 1ᵒC

PHYSICS Questions (7 decks)

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