P1 - Energy Flashcards
What are the eight energy stores?
Thermal, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, chemical, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear.
What are the four ways energy is transferred?
Mechanically, electrically, heating, radiation.
What is a closed system?
Where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave.
Total energy of system is zero
How can energy be transferred by heating in a kettle?
Energy is transferred to the water by heating, into the waters thermal energy store (Causing the temperature of the water to rise).
What is work done?
Energy being transferred.
What happens when an object falls?
Energy is transferred from the objects gravitational potential energy store to its kinetic energy store.
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1C.
What is power measured in?
Watts
What is conduction?
Conduction is the process where vibrating particles transfer energy to other particles. (Occurs mainly in solids)
What is convection?
Energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions. (Occurs only in liquids and gases)
What are some thermal insulation methods?
Loft insulation - Reduces energy loss by conduction and helps prevent convection currents.
Double glazed windows - Have an air gap between two sheets of glass to prevent energy transfer by conduction through windows.
What is the equation for efficiency?
Total input energy transfer
What is power?
The rate of energy transfer.
