P1- Energy Flashcards
What are all the energy stores?
-Kinetic
-Thermal
-Magnetic
-Electrostatic
-Chemical
-Nuclear
-Elastic potential
-Gravitational potential
What is gravitational potential?
Anything that has a mass and is inside a gravitational field (like on Earth).
e.g.: Objects that are placed on a higher shelf would have more energy in their gravitational potential store, than objects on a lower shelf.
What is elastic potential?
Any object that is being stretched or compressed.
e.g.: the more a string is stretched, the more energy it has in its elastic potential store.
What is nuclear energy?
Energy released during a nuclear fusion or fission.
e.g.: the sun converts hydrogen to helium by nuclear fission meaning it has a nuclear energy store.
What are the 4 types of energy transfer?
Pathway 1:Electrical
-Transfer is an electrical circuit due to moving charges.
Pathway 2:Mechanical
-Force causes object to move so mechanical work is done on the object.
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Pathway 3:Radiation
-Energy is given out from a source such as light or sound.
Pathway 4:Heating
-Energy is transferred from a hotter object to colder object.
What is the conservation of energy?
Energy can be transferred usually, stored, or dissipated, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
What is an open system?
Energy and matter can pass through the imaginary system boundary, and leave the system.
What is a closed system?
No energy and matter can pass through the system boundary. Energy in a closed system cannot change.
State the formula for GPE.
E^p = m x g x h
E^p - GPE ( J )
m - mass ( kg )
g - Gravitational field strength ( N/Kg )
H - Change in height ( m )
What is the formula for Work Done?
Work (J) = Force (N) x Distance (m)
What is the equation for energy transfer?
Energy transferred (work) (J) = Charge flow (Q) x potential difference (V)
E=QV
What is the equation for kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy (J) = 0.5 x mass (Kg) x speed² (m/s)
What is the equation for elastic potential energy?
Elastic potential energy (J) = 0.5 x spring constant (N/m) x extention² (m)
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1Kg of a substance by 1 degrees Celsius.
