P1 - Energy

Question 1

What are the four ways energy can be transferred

Answer 1

Mechanically
Electrically
By heating
By radiation

Question 2

Kinetic energy store

Answer 2

Anything moving has kinetic energy store

Question 3

Thermal energy store

Answer 3

All objects have energy in this store.The hotter the object, the more energy in this store

Question 4

Chemical energy store

Answer 4

Anything that can release energy by a chemical reaction has energy in this store,

Question 5

Gravitational potenial store

Answer 5

Any object raised above ground level has energy in this store

Question 6

Elastic potential energy store

Answer 6

Anything stretched has energy in this store, like springs or rubber bands

Question 7

Electrostatic energy store

Answer 7

Two charges that attract or repel each other have energy in this store

Question 8

Magnetic energy store

Answer 8

Two magnets that attract or repel each other have energy in this store

Question 9

Nuclear energy store

Answer 9

The nucleus of an atom releases energy from this store in nuckear reactions

Question 10

What is the conservation of energy principle ?

Answer 10

Energy can be transferred usefully , stored and dissipated but can never be created or destroyed

Question 11

Whenever a system changes

Answer 11

All the energy is simply moved between stores.Energy never disappears

Question 12

What does energy dissipated ?

Answer 12

It’s wasted energy

Question 13

Forces cause mechanical energy transfers

Answer 13

If a force moves an object then work is done.Work done is the same as energy transferred.So energy transferred mechanically when a force moves an object.

Question 14

What is power

Answer 14

Power is the rate of energy transfers .How much work is done per second

Question 15

When energy is transferred between stores , some energy is transferred to the store you want t in.However

Answer 15

In any transfer , some energy is always dissipitated

Question 16

These useless energy stores are usually

Answer 16

Thermal energy stores

Question 17

Friction acts between all objects that rub together.This causes energy to

Answer 17

Be dissipated

Question 18

What can reduce friction between objects

Answer 18

Lubrication

Question 19

What is thermal conductivity

Answer 19

A measure of how quickly energy is transferred by conduction through a material

Question 20

Materials with a high thermal conductivity

Answer 20

Transfers lots of energy in a short time

Question 21

Materials with a low thermal conductivity are called

Answer 21

Thermal insulators

Question 22

What do thermal insulators do

Answer 22

They reduce unwanted transfers by heating

Question 23

Energy is also wasted when energy is transferred.The less energy wasted the

Answer 23

More effient the energy transfer is

Question 24

The efficiency of an energy store is a measure of

Answer 24

The amount of energy that ends up in useful energy stores

Question 25

Equation for efficiency of any energy transfer

Answer 25

Energy = useful output energy transfer over total input energy transfer

Question 26

What are non renewable resources

Answer 26

Resources that will run out one day such as fossil fuels and nuclear fuel

Question 27

What are renewable resources

Answer 27

Renewable resources can be replenished ( replaced ) as quickly as they are being used .

Question 28

Energy resources can be used for transport

Answer 28

Non renewable resources such as petrol or diesel are used in most vehicles.
Coal used in steam trains to boil water to produce steam

Question 29

How can renewable energy resources be used for transport ?

Answer 29

Vehicles can run on bio fuels or a mix of bio fuels and diesel

Question 30

Energy resources can be used for heating

Answer 30

Natural gas is burnt to heat water in a boiler.Hot water is then pumped to radiators

Question 31

Hw can renewable energy resources be used for heating

Answer 31

Biofuel boilers work in the same way as normal boilers

Question 32

How is wind power generated

Answer 32

Wind turbines usually put out in open space
When the wind turbine turns the blades , electricity is produced
They produce no pollution
Do not cause damage ro the environment .
Not as reliable as other energy resources
Turbines stopped if wind is too strong

Question 33

Solar panels

Answer 33

Dolar panels generate electricity directly from the sunlight
They create no pollution
Solar power energy omly generates through the day.

Question 34

Geothermal power

Answer 34

Geothermal power uses energy from the thermal energy stores of hot rocks below the Earth’s surface.Can be used to generate electricity or to heat buildings.
Very reliable as the hot rocks are always hot
Small impact on the environment

Question 35

Hydro electric power

Answer 35

Hydro electric power uses falling water.Hydro electric power usually involves building a big dam across a valley.Valley is usually flooded .Water is allowed tomflow out through turbines which generates electricity.Nompollution
Big impact on environment as valley floods.Plants rot and release greenhouse gases , animals and plants lose their habitats

Question 36

Wave power

Answer 36

Turbines around the coast are turned by water waves and electricity is generated .Nompollution.
Disturb seabed and the habitats of animals .Unreliable as waves drop when the wind does

Question 37

What are biofuels

Answer 37

Biofuels are fuels created from plant products or animal dung .They can be burnt to produce electricity