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OCR 21st century - Physics > P1 > Flashcards

P1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Our solar system contains asteroids. Name 5 other types of object in the solar system.

A

Comets, stars, moons, planets, dwarf planets

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2
Q

Put the following planets in the order of increasing mass: Earth, Jupiter, Mercury and Uranus

A

Mercury, Earth, Uranus, Jupiter

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3
Q

Put the following planets in the order of increasing size of orbit: Earth, Jupiter, Mercury and Uranus

A

Mercury, Earth, Jupiter, Uranus

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4
Q

The Milky Way is a…

A

Galaxy

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5
Q

How many planets are there in our solar system?

A

8

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6
Q

What are comets made of?

A

rock and ice

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7
Q

What is the heaviest planet in our solar system?

A

Jupiter

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8
Q

What planet in our solar system has the largest orbit?

A

Neptune

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9
Q

What is a light-year?

A

The distance light travels in a year.

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10
Q

Explain the process of Nuclear Fusion.

A

The sun’s energy comes from hydrogen. Hydrogen nuclei are jammed together so hard that they combine in pairs to form the element helium. This releases loads of energy.

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11
Q

What is nuclear fusion?

A

When nuclei are crushed together to form new elements, releasing energy.

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12
Q

What is Nuclear fission?

A

Nuclear fission breaks up heavy nuclei into lighter ones, releasing energy.

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13
Q

What is redshift?

A

The increase of wavelength from a galaxy moving away.

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14
Q

Does the amount of redshift increase or decrease as you get further away from Earth?

A

increases.

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15
Q

How many years ago did the universe start expanding rapidly from a single point?

A

14,000 million years ago.

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16
Q

When was the sun created?

A

About 5000 million years ago.

17
Q

When was the Earth created?

A

About 4500 million years ago.

18
Q

What is sedimentation?

A

The process of when eroded rock fragments are transported by the wind, water, and ice. Broken up further, and deposited on river beds and in the sea.

19
Q

How are sea levels and sedimentary rocks linked?

A

The build-up of sedimentary rock layers cause seas to eventually become shallower.

20
Q

What is the continental drift theory?

A

Millions of years ago there was a single land mass on Earth. Since then it has split into several continents which have drifted apart.

21
Q

Who came up with the continental drift theory?

A

Alfred Wegener

22
Q

What are two reasons of why we should believe Wegener’s theory?

A
  • The way the continents fit together so well.

- Similar fossils and rocks are found on continents now separated by the oceans.

23
Q

Why do continents move?

A

They sit on the mantle, whose rocks move slowly by convection as they carry heat away from the Earth’s hot core.

OCR 21st century - Physics (1 decks)

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