P1

Question 1

• Father of logic. He was the first to comprehensively systematize logic in work
Organon (The method/Organ of Investigation)
• He devised systematic criteria for analyzing and evaluating arguments. He catalogued a number of informal fallacies.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

Introduced stoic logic patterned after Aristotle

Answer 2

Zeno of Citium (c.340-265)

Question 3

Hedevelopeda form of logic in which the fundamental elements were whole proposition. He treated all proposition as either true of false. He laid the foundation for the truth functional interpretation of logical connectives and introduced the notion of natural deduction.

Answer 3

Chrysippus (279-206 BC)

Question 4

Hedevelopeda form of logic in which the fundamental elements were whole proposition. He treated all proposition as either true of false. He laid the foundation for the truth functional interpretation of logical connectives and introduced the notion of natural deduction.

Answer 4

Chrysippus (279-206 BC)

Question 5

developed the theory of compound categorical syllogism

Answer 5

Galen (129C-199)

Question 6

• He reconstructed and refined the logic of Aristotle.
• He originated the theory of universals in his treatise, ‘the Dialectica’.

Answer 6

Peter Abelard (1079-1142)

Question 7

Developed modal logic.

Answer 7

Willian Occam (1285-1349)

Question 8

Father of symbolic Logic. He develops a symbolic language (calculus).

Answer 8

Gottfried Wilhem Leibniz (1646-1716)

Question 9

Founder of symbolic logic. He developed Boolean Logic which treats propositions as either true or false.

Answer 9

George Boole (1815-1864)

Question 10

developers of the ‘truth tables

Answer 10

Ludwig Wittgenstein (1819-1951

Question 11

• introduced circular diagrams as a tool to test the validity of syllogisms

Answer 11

John Venn (1835-1923)

Question 12

• Developed a general theory for scientific investigations.

Answer 12

John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)

Question 13

Laid down the foundations of modern mathematical logic. He pronounced that logic is the basis of mathematics and that arithmetic and analysis are part of logic.

Answer 13

Gottlob Frege (1848-1925)

Question 14

Logical empiricist, who was associated with the famous verifiability principle,
according to which a synthetic statement is meaningful only if it is verifiable.

Answer 14

Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947)

Question 15

Attempted to reduce mathematics to pure logic (Principia Mathematica)

Answer 15

Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)

Question 16

Attempted to reduce mathematics to pure logic (Principia Mathematica)

Answer 16

Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)

Question 17

Famous for his verifiability principle, according to which a synthetic statement is meaningful only if it is verifiable.

Answer 17

Rudolph Carnap (1891-1970)