Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GCSE Physics OCR A > P1 > Flashcards

P1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the diameter of an atom?

A

1 ✖️10^-10 meters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why was it named ‘the atom’ ?

A

Back then was known to be the smallest thing(particle ) in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was dalton’s theory?

A

🟣🔵🔴🟢🟣🟡🔴🟣
Atoms are tiny INDIVISIBLE particles
All matter was made from atoms
Atoms in an element are identical, different for each element
Billiard ball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the cathode ray experiment?

A

Cathode rays = metal heated up inside a magnetic field
The discovery of electrons
They came from inside the particles (not indivisible)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the plum pudding model

A

Overall a neutral atom:
Random electrons in a
cloud of positive charge- evenly spread throughout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was the gold foil experiment?

A

Alpha particles were sent through gold foil
99% passed though
1% of this deflected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an alpha particle

A

2 protons
2 neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was Rutherford’s model of the atom?

A

The atom is mostly empty space
The majority of the mass is looted in the nucleus
The nucleus is positively charged
⚛️⚛️⚛️⚛️

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was Bohr model of the atom?

A

He suggested that atoms move in fixed orbit around the nucleus,
Orbits = electron shellls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the size of the nucleus of the atom?

A

1 ✖️10 **-15 meters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is orders of magnitude ?

A

The size relative to the power of (x)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is density?

A

A measure of how much matter is contained within a given volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the density formula?

A

Density = mass➗volume
Kg/m 3 =kg ➗m3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why are solids more dense than gas?

A

Particles spread out more and therefore have a higher volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is temperature?

A

A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

How fast particles are vibrating/ moving
Measured in J - joules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the units of temperature?
*conversion of the two

A

Kelvin or Celsius
273k = 1 🅾️C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are physical changes ?

A

Eg : changes of state & dissolving
No new matter is produced
Particles just arranged differently
Easily reversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are chemical changes ?

A

Eg : burning & chemical reactions
New substances are produced
Difficult to reverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do you measure the volume of an irregular object?

A

Fill the eureka can to the top
Place object in
Make sure the spout is n a measuring beaker
The amount on the beaker is the volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 kelvin.
A.K.A : how easy or difficult it is to change the temperature of a substance.
The lower SHC means less energy is required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the specific heat capacity equation?

A

E = m ✖️S.H.C✖️temperature change(ø)
J= kg ✖️J/kgk ✖️K / °c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

In the S.H.C practical, how could you have it more accurate/efficient?

A

Put a lid on
Use an insulating container
Add conducting gel between object and container
Submerge the heater fully

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is potential energy?

A

The energy used to change the position of the particles (changing state - intermolecular bonds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is specific latent heat the measure of?
potential energy
26
What is specific latent heat of fusion?
The heat energy transferred when 1kg of a substance changes from solid to liquid state (Melting/freezing)
27
What is the latent heat of vaporisation ?
The heat energy transferred when 1kg of a substance changes from liquid to gas state. (Evaporating/condensing)
28
What is the specific latent heat equation?
Energy = mass ✖️S.LH(v/f) J= kg ✖️j/kg E=ML
29
What is the equation for pressure ?
Pressure = force ➗area Pa = N ➗m^2
30
How do gases exert pressure?
The particles move in high speed , random directions. Collision with the walls of the container exerts a force- a net force on the inside of the container (surface) determines the pressure
31
How does temperature affect pressure?
The more temperature, the faster the particles move, the more frequently the particles collide with the container walls, the more force is exerted resulting in more pressure.
32
What was Rutherford expecting in his gold foil experiment?
He expected the alpha particles to pass right through as the positive charge was assumed to be spread out
33
How does temperature affect gas pressure?
As temperature increases particle have more kinetic energy. The particles collide with a greater force at the wall. Leading to a higher resultant force from the wall , leading to higher pressure. The two are directly proportional as long as volume is constant.
34
what is the atmospheric pressure on earth?
100 kilo pascals 100,000 pascals
35
what is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas?
pressure and volume are inversely proportional as long as temperature is held constant. on a graph the line would have a curved L but wouldn't tough the axis of the graph
36
what happens to the pressure as the volume is halved?
the particles collide twice as often (as there is twice as less space between the particle and the wall. ) Therefore the force exerted by gas particles per unit of time doubles , doubling the pressure of the gas.
37
What is the equation for two variables of pressure and volume?
P1✖️V1= P2✖️V2 The product of pressure and volume stays the same before and after a change
38
What happens when a gas is compressed ?
A force is required to move the gas particles together. Work= force ✖️distance Therefore work is done on a gas. The particles gain kinetic energy , move faster, raise in temperature
39
What happens when a gas is expanded?
The gas particles apply a force, work is done (energy is transferred), the gas particles lose kinetic energy , move slower, a decrease in temperature
40
What is the earth’s atmosphere and why does it have it?
A layer of gases, near earth due to it’s gravitational field
41
What happens to the atmospheric pressure as you go higher up and why?
It decreases , because there are fewer gas particles due to it’s weaker gravitational field
42
Which state of matter has more potential energy?
Gas ,because it has weak intermolecular bonds. This means that a lot of energy has been transferred to it to weaken these bonds
43
Why is the pressure of a bottle highest at the bottom?
It has a large weight of liquid
44
How does pressure in a liquid vary with depth?
The pressure in a liquid ONLY depends on the depth below the surface. More width, more mass of water, more weight, more force Pressure and depth are directly proportional
45
How does the density of a liquid affect the pressure?
The higher the density , the more mass, the more weight force, higher force = higher pressure
46
What is the liquid pressure equation?
Ro GH Pressure= density ✖️depth✖️gravitational field (10N/m)
47
Describe up thrust
A force that occurs whenever a body is immersed within a fluid. Because of a pressure difference between the top and bottom fluid
48
What is the difference between the atoms and particles?
Particles can be atoms , molecules or ions. An atom is a single neutral particle
49
Why do gasses have a low density?
They occupy more volume, as there is more space between the particles, as they have more energy.Resulting in a lower density
50
How does the depth affect the pressure?
More depth , means more mass, which earns more density, which means more pressure
51
What is archimedes principle?
The upthrust experienced by a body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
52
What is the formula for upthrust?
*upthrust is the weight of liquid displaced Force = ro g h a Force = density ✖️gravitational field strength ✖️height✖️surface area Upthrust = ρghA
53
When will a body float, sink and rise
Float: mg= ρghA Rise : Mg<ρghA Sink: Mg> ρghA
54
What happens when the atmospheric pressure is greater inside a ballon that it’s surroundings?
55
does density of water vary with height ?
NO, trick question . The density of water is constant. The pressure increases tho
56
Under what circumstances will a body float?
57
Under what circumstances will a body sink
58
In circuit A , the total resistance is less than the smallest resistor value In circuit B , the total resistance, is an addition of the two values of resistance
59
60
where does pressure produce a force?
the net force is produced at right angles to any surface

GCSE Physics OCR A (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions