[P] Quiz - Renal Function Flashcards
The type of nephron responsible for renal concentration is the:
A. Cortical
B. Juxtaglomerular
B. Juxtaglomerular
The function of the peritubular capillaries is:
A. Reabsorption
B. Filtration
C. Secretion
D. Both A and C
D. Both A and C
- Blood flows through the nephron in the following order:
A. Efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta,afferent arteriole
B. Peritubular capillaries, afferent arteriole, vasa recta,efferent arteriole
C. Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
D. Efferent arteriole, vasa recta, peritubular capillaries, afferent arteriole
C. Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
Filtration of protein is prevented in the glomerulus by:
A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Oncotic pressure
C. Renin
D. The glomerular filtration barrier
D. The glomerular filtration barrier
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is responsible for all of the following except:
A. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
B. Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole
C. Reabsorbing sodium
D. Releasing aldosterone
A. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
The primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system is:
A. Chloride
B. Sodium
C. Potassium
D. Hydrogen
B. Sodium
Secretion of renin is stimulated by:
A. Juxtaglomerular cells
B. Angiotensin I and II
C. Macula densa cells
D. Circulating angiotensin-converting enzyme
A. Juxtaglomerular cells
C. Macula densa cells (BOOK)
The hormone aldosterone is responsible for:
A. Hydrogen ion secretion
B. Potassium secretion
C. Chloride retention
D. Sodium retention
D. Sodium retention
The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of:
A. 1.005
B. 1.010
C. 1.015
D. 1.020
B. 1.010
For active transport to occur, a chemical:
A. Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy
B. Must be filtered through the proximal convoluted tubule
C. Must be in higher concentration in the filtrate than in the blood
D. Must be in higher concentration in the blood than in the filtrate
A. Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy
Which of the tubules is impermeable to water?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Descending loop of Henle
C. Ascending loop of Henle
D. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Ascending loop of Henle
Glucose will appear in the urine when the:
A. Blood level of glucose is 200 mg/dL
B. Tm for glucose is reached
C. Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism depends on all of the following except:
A. High salt concentration in the medulla
B. Water-impermeable walls of the ascending loop of Henle
C. Reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the ascending loop of Henle
D. Reabsorption of water in the descending loop of Henle
D. Reabsorption of water in the descending loop of Henle
ADH regulates the final urine concentration by controlling:
A. Active reabsorption of sodium
B. Tubular permeability
C. Passive reabsorption of urea
D. Passive reabsorption of chloride
B. Tubular permeability
Decreased production of ADH:
A. Produces a low urine volume
B. Produces a high urine volume
C. Increases ammonia excretion
D. Affects active transport of sodium
B. Produces a high urine volume
Bicarbonate ions filtered by the glomerulus are returned to the blood:
A. In the proximal convoluted tubule
B. Combined with hydrogen ions
C. By tubular secretion
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
If ammonia is not produced by the distal convoluted tubule, the urine pH will be:
A. Acidic
B. Basic
B. Basic
Place the appropriate letter in front of the following clearance substances:
A. Exogenous
B. Endogenous
___ beta2-microglobulin
___ creatinine
___ cystatin C
___125I-iothalmate
B beta2-microglobulin
B creatinine
B cystatin C
A 125I-iothalmate
The largest source of error in creatinine clearance tests is:
A. Secretion of creatinine
B. Improperly timed urine specimens
C. Refrigeration of the urine
D. Time of collecting blood sample
B. Improperly timed urine specimens
Given the following information, calculate the creatinine clearance:
24-hour urine volume: 1000 mL; serum creatinine: 2.0 mg/dL; urine creatinine: 200mg/dL
69 mL/min
Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must measure substances that are:
A. Not filtered by the glomerulus
B. Completely reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule
C. Secreted in the distal convoluted tubule
D. Neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules
D. Neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules
Performing a clearance test using radionucleotides:
A. Eliminates the need to collect urine
B. Does not require an infusion
C. Provides visualization of the filtration
D. Both A and C
D. Both A and C
Variables that are included in the MDRD- IDSM estimated creatinine clearance calculations include all of the following except:
A. Serum creatinine
B. Weight
C. Age
D. Gender
B. Weight
An advantage to using cystatin C to monitor GFR is that:
A. It does not require urine collection
B. It is not secreted by the tubules
C. It can be measured by immunoassay
D. All of the above
D. All of the above