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ME > P-E1 > Flashcards

P-E1 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Arthropods

A
  1. Chitonous Exoskeleton
  2. Hemocoels
  3. Simple Circulatory System
  4. Reproductive System is most important (Dioecious, large repro capacity)
  5. Digestive system: mouth –> anus
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2
Q

Why are arthropods important?

A
  1. They are CAUSAL AGENTS themselves (ticks/demodex)
  2. They PRODUCE VENOM/toxic substances (Simulium sp.- buffalo gnats)
  3. They are INTERMEDIATE HOSTS for protozoa (crayfish-paragonimus kellicotti)
  4. They are VECTORS for pathogens (mosquitoes, roaches)
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3
Q

What is the body of an adult insect divided into?

A

Head- brain, antennae, eyes
Thorax- 3 pairs of legs, 1-2 pairs of wings
Abdomen- reproductive organs

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4
Q

Infestation of mite or tick

A

Acariasis

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5
Q

Lice infestation

A

Pediculosis

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6
Q

Metamorphosis

A

the developmental stages from immature to adult

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7
Q

Simple metamorphosis

A

Egg –> Nymph –> Adult

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8
Q

Complex metamorphosis

A

Egg –> Larvae (6) –> Nymph (8) –> Adult (8)

Egg –> Larvae –> Pupa –> Adult

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9
Q

Arthopoda means _________

A

Jointed foot

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10
Q

Anoplura (Sucking Lice) vs. Mallophaga (Chewing Lice)

A 
Anoplura
- narrow head, move slow
- suck blood (transmit disease)
- found only on mammals
Mallophaga
- flat face, move fast
- feed on sloughed epidermal tissue (feathers)
Both are species specific
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11
Q

Why are Dipterans important?

A
  • They transmit human and animal pathogens more than any other group of arthropods
  • Their larval stage (maggots) = MYIASIS
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12
Q

Characteristics of Dipterans

A
  • Adults have 1 pair of wings
  • Variations in mouthparts
  • Complex metamorphosis
  • Larval stage is important (Myiasis)
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13
Q

Mosquitoes

A
  • most prominent blood sucking mosquito
  • Only females feed
  • Require quiet, standing water to deposit larva
  • Serve as IH for protozoan diseases
  • Egg–>Larva–>Pupa–>Adult
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14
Q

Mosquito Larvae Characteristics

A
  1. Always aquatic
  2. No legs
  3. Head –> Thorax –> abdomen
  4. One pair of SPIRACLES (breathing apparatus)
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15
Q

Adult Mosquito Characteristics

A
  1. Larger than gnat, smaller than biting fly
  2. WINGS: tiny scales
  3. Females: pilose antennae
    Males: Plumose antennae
  4. Only females feed
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16
Q

Zoophilus

A

Mosquitoes that prefer to feed on animals other than humans

17
Q

Anthropophilus

A

Mosquitoes that prefer to feed on human beings

18
Q

Anautogenous

A

Mosquitoes that require a blood meal for eggs to develop

19
Q

Autogenous

A

Mosquitoes that do NOT require a blood meal for eggs to develop

20
Q

Infestation by fleas

A

Siphanopterosis

21
Q

What’s special about non-biting muscoids?

A
  • they will have MAGGOT as their larval stage

- they are VOMIT DROP feeders = EXCELLENT vectors for pathogen transmission

22
Q

“Living with humans”

A

Synanthropic (musca domestica)

23
Q

Louse Flies

A

Hippoboscoids

  • true dipterans
  • cousin to biting muscoids
  • modified complex lc
24
Q

Lice vs Mites

A

Lice- insects, 6 legs, can be seen

Mites- arachnids, 8 legs, hard to see

25
Q

Hard Tick

A

Ixodidae

  • Attach
  • have sexual dimorphism
  • Males do not engorge
26
Q

Soft Tick

A

Argasidae

  • Periodic parasite
  • no scutum
27
Q

Why are ticks important?

A

They are obligate blood feeding ectoparasites:

  • Cause bite wounds
  • Cause blood loss
  • Cause tick paralysis
  • Serve as vectors for disease
28
Q

LC of Tick

A

Egg –> Larva (6 legs) –> Nymph (8 legs) –> adult (8 legs)

29
Q

What are the jointed mites?

A
  1. psoroptes cunulici (rabbit ear)- long
  2. psoroptes ovis, bovis - long
    Both are surface dwellers
30
Q

What are the un-jointed mites

A
  1. Sarcoptes scabei- long (tunnel)
  2. Notoedres cati - long (tunnel)
  3. Cnemidocoptes pilae (parakeet)- long (tunnel)
  4. Otodectes cyanotis- SHORT (surface)
    5 Chorioptes bovis- SHORT
31
Q

Parasitosis

A

One organism injures the other and produces outward signs of disease
SARCOPTES SCABEI

32
Q

Ectoparasite

A

Parasite that lives on outside of the body

MELOPHAGUS OVINUS

33
Q

Obligatory Parasite

A

Must live a parasitic existence

BOOPHILUS ANNULATUS- 1 HOST TICK

34
Q

Periodic Parasite

A

Makes short visits to host for nutrients
OTOBIUS MEGNINI
and mosquito

35
Q

Intermediate Host

A

Host that arbors the immature stage of parasite

GLOSSINA SP. (TRYPANSOMA-NAGANA)

36
Q

Reservoir Host

A

Host that harbors diseases in nature and serves as disease to man
BIRDS (WNV) –> MOSQUITO

37
Q

Infestation

A 
Parasitism by an external parasite
Rhipecephalis Sanguines (brown dog tick)
38
Q

WIWPHTH

A
  1. Feed on BLOOD- Glossina sp.
  2. Feed on solid TISSUE after liquefying it- Trombiculus sp. larva
  3. Produce HOST RXN (inflammation)- Demodex canis
  4. Carry DISEASE & other parasite- Aedes aegypti (yellow fever)
  5. PRODUCES TOXINS- giardia/simulium sp.

ME (5 decks)

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