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P&E Comprehensive Final > P&E Comprehensive Final > Flashcards

P&E Comprehensive Final Flashcards

1
Q

This is the place where a population or an individual organism normally lives.

A

habitat

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2
Q

Four of the following are characteristics that make some species especially vulnerable to ecological and biological extinction. One of the following is not such a characteristic. Choose the one that is not a characteristic.

A 
These are TRUE characteristics:
big, slow, tasty, valuable parts
SPECIALISTS 
live in one type of habitat
specific food requirements
limited range of new conditions
narrow niche
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3
Q

Biodiversity is believed to be the result of the interaction between

A

speciation and extinction

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4
Q

The building blocks of proteins are

A

amino acids

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT true of and r-selected species?

A 
These are TRUE characteristics
large number of offspring
smaller offspring
little parental care
overcome massive loss of offspring
algae, bacteria, insects
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6
Q

Which of the following is an example of a density-dependent population control?

A

parasitism, infectious disease, competition for resources

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7
Q

Biologists think there are four main reasons why we should work to prevent human activities from causing the extinction of other species. Which of the following is not one of these reasons?

A

These are TRUE reasons
Species are a vital part of earth’s life support system, most contribute to economic services (support economies), it takes 5-10 million years to rebuild biodiversity, species have right to exist

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8
Q

An endangered species

A

low reproductive rate, specialized niche, narrow distribution, feeds at high trophic levels, fixed migratory patterns, rare, commercially valuable, large territories

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9
Q

Which of the following would NOT be and abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

A

These are TRUE factors

air, water, nutrients, rocks, heat, solar energy

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10
Q

In a range of tolerance, each population has a point beyond which no member of the population can live. The area where most members are found

A

optimum range

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11
Q

Biological evolution by natural selection is when ___, Individuals ___, and populations ___.

A

mutate, are selected, evolve such that they are better adapted to survive and reproduce under existing environmental conditions

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12
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the age structure categories of a population?

A

pre-reproductive, reproductive, post-reproductive

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13
Q

Which of the following is a reason for continued human population growth

A

humans developed the ability to expand into almost all of the climate zones and habitats, emergence of earth and modern agriculture allow more food growth per unit of land area, death rates dropped sharply because sanitation and healthcare and development of antibiotics and vaccines help prevent disease

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14
Q

Exponential growth followed by a steady decrease in population growth until the population size levels off and remains relatively constant is typical of

A

J-shaped curve

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15
Q

The greatest threat to wild species is

A

habitat destruction

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16
Q

“The maximum population of a species that a particular habitat can support” is the definition of

A

carrying capacity

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17
Q

The Endangered Species Act of 1973

A

(ESA) designed to identify and protect endangered species in the US and abroad, most far reaching law ever adopted

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18
Q

For natural selection to occur, an adaptive trait

A

must lead to differential reproduction (produce more)

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19
Q

Which of the following best describes a biological species?

A

group of organisms that have a unique set of characteristics that distinguish them from all other organisms and can mate and produce fertile offspring

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20
Q

All of the following are elements except

A

These are TRUE elements

gold, mercury, silver, iron, bromide

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21
Q

The most basic building block of matter is an

A

atom

22
Q

Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource

A

These are TRUE renewable resources

forests, grasslands, fish population, fresh water, fresh air, fertile topsoil

23
Q

A nucleotide of DNA contains

A

phosphate, 5 carbon sugar, deoxyribose, nucleotide base

24
Q

The highest rate at which a renewable resource can be used to indefinitely without reducing its available supply is called

A

sustainable yield

25
Q

An idea that has been tested widely, is supported by extensive evidence, and is accepted by most scientists in a particular field of study is called a

A

scientific theory

26
Q

Which of the following is the fundamental structural and functional unit of life?

A

cell

27
Q

Which of the following is the definition of a scientific hypothesis?

A

a possible explanation of what scientists observe in nature or in the result of their experiment

28
Q

Using normally renewable resources faster than nature can renew them is called

A

environmental/natural capital degradation

29
Q

The distinct piece of DNA containing instructions for making proteins is

A

genes

30
Q

Which of the following is not a goal of environmental science?

A

These are the TRUE goals
learn how nature works, understand how we interact with the environment, and find ways to deal with environmental protection and live more sustainably

31
Q

The biological macromolecules (polymers) that make up all living organisms are

A

complex carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids

32
Q

Some individuals in a population have genetic traits that increases their ability to survive and reproduce over other organisms, this process is called

A

natural selection

33
Q

Which of the following would exhibit primary succession of a community

A

bare rock exposed from retreating glacier,

newly cooled lava, abandoned highway or parking lot, or newly created pond or reservoir

34
Q

For captive breeding programs to be successful in zoos

A

some or all of the wild individuals of a critically endangered species are collected to build up populations to where they can live, 100-500 individuals, need funding and space

35
Q

Illegal hunting for profit is called

A

poaching

36
Q

Which of the following is the usual order of applying the scientific process to a problem

A

identify a problem, find out what is known, ask a question to be investigated, perform experiment to answer the question and collect data, analyze data, propose a hypothesis to explain data, use hypothesis to make stable projections, perform an experiment to test projections, accept/revise

37
Q

The biggest problem with invasive non-native species is that in the new location they

A

out-compete and reduce a communities’ native species

38
Q

Which of the following is the correct sequence used in taxonomic classification of species?

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

39
Q

A country with TFR (total fertility rate) that falls below 1.5 children per couple for a prolonged period will experience all of the following except

A

labor shortages, threaten economic growth, less government revenues with fewer workers, less entrepreneurship, and new businesses, less likelihood for new technology, increasing public deficits to fund health care, pensions cut and retirement age increase

40
Q

Which of the following would NOT be organic molecules?

A

These are TRUE organic molecules

water, methane

41
Q

Which of the following is NOT and example of an environmental threshold having been crossed?

A

These are TRUE crossed thresholds

soil erosion, nutrient loss, melting of polar ice, depletion of fish

42
Q

Energy can be formally defined as

A

capacity to do work or transfer heat

43
Q

K-selected species characteristics

A

fewer, larger offspring, high in parental care and offspring protection, later reproductive age, offspring survive to large adults, adapted to stable climate and environmental conditions, lower population growth rate, population size fairly stable and usually close to carrying capacity, specialist niche, high ability to compete, late successional species

44
Q

The monomer for the protein polymer is the

A

amino acids

45
Q

Scientists have identified several problems with relying primarily on pollution cleanup. Which of the following is not one of those problems?

A

These are all TRUE pollution cleanup problems
only a temporary bandage as long as population and consumption levels grow without corresponding improvements in technology, removes pollution from one place and puts in another, cost too much to reduce them

46
Q

What is the primary difference between renewable and non renewable resources?

A

the time it takes for the earth to replenish them

47
Q

An environmentally sustainable society

A

emphasizes preventing or minimizing environmental problems instead of letting them build to crises levels, use well-designed and carefully monitored marketplace solutions to help prevent or reduce impact of problems, cooperate and innovate to find win-win solutions or trade-offs to problems and injustices, be honest and objective

48
Q

An ecological niche includes all of the following except

A

These are all TRUE things niches include
everything that affects a species survival and reproduction: how much water and sunlight it needs, space it requires, what it eats, what eats it, and temperature

49
Q

This is the total of all the different species that live in a certain area

A

community

50
Q

Natural Capital includes all of the following except

A

These are all TRUE things natural capital includes
natural resources and services that keeps us and other forms of life alive and support our human economies
Air, water, minerals, sun wind, biodiversity, soil, land, fossil fuels

P&E Comprehensive Final (1 decks)

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