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Inorganic Chemistry > P BLOCK PART 1: BORON FAMILY(13TH GROUP ELEMENTS) > Flashcards

P BLOCK PART 1: BORON FAMILY(13TH GROUP ELEMENTS) Flashcards

1
Q

Write The MP order of Boron Family

A

B>Al>TI>In>Ga

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2
Q

Which elements from Boron family are unreactive with air?

A

Indium and Gallium

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3
Q

Element from P block unreactive with water

A

Boron

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4
Q

B + HCL (dil) gives

A

No reaction as Dilute HCL/H2So4 is non oxidizing

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5
Q

Al +HNo3(conc) gives

A

No reaction. Aluminum and gallium are passive in reaction with Conc HNo3 due to formation of oxide layer

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6
Q

Al + H2So4(conc)

A

Al(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O

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7
Q

Elements from Broon family unreactive to Alkalis

A

Indium and Gallium

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8
Q

Which elements from Boron family don’t combine with halogens?

A

All of them react with halogens

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9
Q

Boron combines with metals on which catalyst?

A

Heat

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10
Q

Al>In in which Ionization energies?

A

In (IE)1 and (IE)3

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11
Q

Ga>TI in which Ionization energies?

A

(IE)2 and (IE)3

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12
Q

Which element Boron family has Highest Reduction Potential is?

A

TI and lowest is for Al

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13
Q

Which element Boron family is most suitable as an electrode?

A

Aluminum due to it’s low reduction potential

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14
Q

Which Hydride from Boron family is a polymeric solid?

A

Indium

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15
Q

Volatile is oil is another name for?
Is is stable or unstable?

A

Gallane (GaH3)
Unstable

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16
Q

Boron Hydrides nature?

A

Covalent nature

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17
Q

Write the structure of (ALH3)x

A

Called Alane. Surrounded octagonally by six hydrogen atoms. Consists of ALH2Al bridges

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18
Q

Are BnHn+6 or BnHn+4 more stable?

A

BnHn+4

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19
Q

How to increase acidity H3BO3?

A

Acidity of orthoboric acid can be increased upon addition of polyhydroxy compounds like glycerol or sugars

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20
Q

Borax on heating gives?

A

Loses water of crystallization to form NA2B4O7 which on heating gives at 740C gives NaBo2 + B2O3(Glassy Bead)

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21
Q

Members from Boron family form what oxides?

A

Sesquioxide M2O3

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22
Q

Periodic trend of nature oxides of in boron family?

A

Change from acidic to amphoteric to basic character

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23
Q

Boric Acid + Naoh

A

Na[B(OH)4]

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24
Q

Na[B(OH)4] on losing water molecules forms?

A

NaBO2(Sodium Metaborate)

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25
Q

3B(OH)3 + Naoh forms

A

Na[B(OH)4] + H20 + H3O+ as when conc. is very high, then polymeric metaborate exists

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26
Q

Is Titanium(III) iodide stable?

A

No(TII3)

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27
Q

Is Titanium(I) iodide stable?

A

Yes(TII)

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28
Q

Fluorides of Al, Ga, In and TI are?

A

High MP and ionic

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29
Q

Which is the only fluoride f of 13th elements whose fluorides are covalent?

A

BF3

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30
Q

Which 2 elements from 13th elements form dihalides?

A

Gallium and Indium

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31
Q

Covalent trend of halides of 13th group?

A

Decreases down the group, so thallium halides are strongly ionic

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32
Q

Nature of Monohalides formed by 13th group elements

A

Covalent

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33
Q

Geometry and hybridization of BF4-

A

Tetrahdel and sp3

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34
Q

Max covalency of boron is what and why?

A

4 as boron doesn’t have d orbital

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35
Q

Borax color and is prepared how?

A

White crystalline solid and prepared by boric acid

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36
Q

Boron of low purity? It’s color?

A

Mossain Boron, Black

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37
Q

B2O3 forms Boron under what catalysts?

A

Mg/Na/K

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38
Q

Van Arkel Method? Catalyst?

A

Pyrolysis of BI3, Tungsten and heat

39
Q

Reduction of Boron Halides with what gives Boron under what condition?

A

Add H2 under 1273K

40
Q

Cathode and anode for Electrolytic method? Catalyst?
In this reaction what is discharged and where? what does this do?

A

Iron rod(Cathode) and Carbon Crucible(anode). Mg is discharged at cathode which reduces B2O3 to B

41
Q

Kenite

41
Q

Boron nature for reactions

A

Powerful reducing agent

42
Q

Boron(iii) Oxide and Silicon Dioxide specialties:

A

Dissolve only in alkaline solutions, Are solids with macromolecular structure

42
Q

Forms in which Boron and Silicon exist>

A

Amphorous and crystalline

43
Q

Acids of Silicon and Boron form what? What is the catalyst needed?

A

Esters when heated with alcohol under presence of H2SO4

44
Q

Silicon’s Acid

45
Q

Bcl3 + 6H2 gives what? Catalyst?

A

B2H6 + HCL , SILENT ELECTRIC DISHARGE

46
Q

BORON NITRIDE HAS A STRUCTURE SIMILAR TO

47
Q

B2H6.2NH3 COLOUR AND NATURE? WHAT DOES IT COMPRISE OF?

A

IONIC WHITE SOLID. PG 164 FOR SECOND PART, TARGET 6

47
Q

DIBROANE COLOUR AND STATE?
When is stable?

A

COLURLESS GLASS AND BURSTS INTO FLAMES IN AIR AND STABLE AT LOW TEMP IN ABSENCE OFMOISTURE AND GREASE

48
Q

AMMONIUM HYRDROXIDE ON CALCINATION GIVES?

A

ALUMINA(AL2O3)

49
Q

ALCL3 + NAOH GIVES

A

AL(OH)3 {WHITE PPT}

50
Q

AL(OH)3 + NAOH GIVES

A

SODIUM META ALUMINATE NaALO2

51
Q

ALCL3 EXISTS AS WHAT IN GAS STATE?

52
Q

BOND ANDGLES AND LENGTH FOR ALCL3 DIMER?

A

79,101 AND 118 ARE BOND ANGLES
206(NORMAL BOND LENGTH) AND 221(COORDINATE BOND LENGTH)

53
Q

NAME COMPUND USED:
FOR CHRATOGRAPHY
MANAFACTURE OF OF GASOLINE
PURIFICATION OF WATER
MAKING BAUXITE BRICKS
ANTISEPCTIC
USED AS MORDANT
DYES,DRUGS AND PERFUMES

A

AL2O3
ALCL3
K2SO4.AL(SO4)3.24H2O
AL2O3
K2SO4.AL(SO4)3.24H2O
K2SO4.AL(SO4)3.24H2O
ALCL3

53
Q

ALF3 + HF GIVES

A

NO REACTION, AS ALF3 IS INOLUBLE IN HF. YOU NEED TO ADD KF TO MAKE SOLUBLE

54
Q

In + Naoh gives

A

No reaction as Indium and Thallium are not affected by alkalis

55
Q

Aluminum chlorides, bromides, indium iodide exist as iodide in which all?

A

Vapor state and non polar solvents

56
Q

TL + Koh gives?

A

No reaction as Indium and Thallium are not affected by alkalis

57
Q

B3N3H6

58
Q

b2h6 + nh3 {excess nh3, high temp}?

59
Q

B2H6 + NH3 GIVES BORAZINE UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS?

A

RATIO 2NH3:1B2H6 AND HIGH TEMP

60
Q

B2H6 + CL2 GIVES? DOES IT NEED CATALYST?

A

BCL3. YES IT NEEDS 25DEGREE CELCIUS OF HEAT

61
Q

WHERE IS BORAX FOUND IN INDIA?

A

Sambhar Lake in Rajasthan and Puga Valley in Ladakh

62
Q

Does boron have isotopes? Discuss

A

Yes, two - B(10) and B(11)

63
Q

Which isotope of Boron is more abundant

A

B(11) - 81%

64
Q

Discuss occurrence of Aluminum

A

A
In Bauxite
In Cryolite
In mica

65
Q

Give formula of Bauxite

A

Al2O3.2H2O

66
Q

Give formula of Cryolite

67
Q

Is Nh natural? Give its half life

A

Nh is synthetically prepared and radioactive

Its more stable isotope has a half life of 20 seconds

68
Q

Discuss physical properties of Boron

A

Boron is non metallic
It is hard and black colored
It has many allotropic forms
It has unusually high MP because of strong crystalline lattice

69
Q

HOW DOES AL3+ ATTAIN STABILITY?

A

Al3+ compounds achieve stability by forming dimer

70
Q

Discuss hydrolysis of +3 compounds

A

Most of them get hydrolyzed to [M(OH)4]- which is tetrahedral and the hybridization of M is sp3
Aluminum gets hydrolyzed to [Al(H2O)6]3+ which is octahedral and the hybridization of Al is sp3d2

71
Q

Reactivity of boron with acids/alkalis

A

Boron does not react with either even at moderate temperatures

72
Q

What anomalies can be seen in Boron

A

Unlike other metal trihalides, BX3 is insoluble in water
Other hydrolyzed compounds are also soluble in water except Boron
BF3 (Lewis acid) reacts with NH3 (Lewis base) to complete its octet
Other elements dimerize to attain stability but boron does not as its covalency cannot go beyond 4 due to absence of d orbitals

73
Q

borax + WATER

A

Borax dissolves in water to give alkaline solution

Borax + water = NaOH + H3BO3 (weak acid)

74
Q

Structure of H3BO3

A

White crystalline solid with soapy touch

Layer structure where planar BO3 units are joined by hydrogen bonds

75
Q

Solubility of H3BO3

A

Sparingly soluble in water but solubility increases with heat

76
Q

How is orthoboric acid prepared

A

By acidifying an aqueous solution of borax

By hydrolysis of any boron compounds

77
Q

Hydrolysis of diboranes

A

B2H6 + H2O = B(OH)3 + H2

78
Q

Structure of B2H6? how MANY B-H-B BONDS ARE PRESENT?

A

Four terminal hydrogens + two boron atoms are all in one plane connected by single bonds
The remaining two hydrogens are bridge atoms above and below this plane with B-H-B bonds

79
Q

bH4-

A

Borohydride/ Hydridoborates

80
Q

White fumes appear around the bottle of anhydrous aluminum chloride. Give reason

A

White fumes are due to the presence of HCl gas. Anhydrous aluminium chloride is hydrolysed partly with the moisture in the atmosphere to give HCl gas. This HCl combines with the moisture in the air and appears white in colour

81
Q

Which trihalide is not formed from group 13 elements?

82
Q

Silicones

A

Organosilicon compound containing repeated R2SiO units and are polymers

83
Q

All double sulphates having One monovalent basic radical and one trivalent basic radical is?

84
Q

Hydrides of boron are called?

85
Q

The structure of diborane (B2H6)
contains:
A.Four 2C-2e bonds and two 3C-2e bonds
B.Two 2C-2e bonds and 3C-2e bonds
C. Two 2C-2e bonds and four 3C-2e bonds
D. Four 2C-2e bonds and four 3C-2e bonds.

C - Center, e - Electron

A

Four 2C-2e bonds and two 3C-2e bonds

86
Q

Is diborane planar?

87
Q

Diborane has been known to be an effective reagent for reductions of aldehydes and ketones to borate esters, which give alcohols on quenching.

88
Q

Are Boron molecules in B2H6 in same plane?

Inorganic Chemistry (3 decks)

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