P Block Elements (Grp - 16) Flashcards
O
S
Se
Te
Po
Down the grp
size ↑
Ionisation Potential ↓
EN ↓
Electron affinity ↓*
[S > Se > Te > O]
O is small and has more e⁻ - e⁻ repulsion
Barytes
BaSO₄
Galena
PbS
Epsom salts
MgSO₄.7H₂O
Cinnabar
HgS
Zinc Blends
ZnS
Pitch Blend
Ore of U
Contains some Po
H₂O
H₂S
H₂Se
H₂Te
Down the grp
E-H bond length ↑
E-H bond energy ↓
Reduction power ↑
Acidity ↑
Thermal stability ↓
EO₃
E = S, Se, Te
SO₃ - Acidic
SeO₃ - Acidic
TeO₃ - Acidic
EO₂
E = O, Se, S,Te
O₃ - neutral
SO₂ - acidic
SeO₂ - Amphoteric
TeO₂ - Amphoteric
MP & BP
H₂S < H₂Se < H₂Te < H₂O
H₂O has H- bonding
Ag + O₃
Ag + O₃ → Ag₂O + O₂
E + Halogen
EX, EX₂ , EX₄ & EX₆
EX₆ only for SF₆ - due to octahedral
SF - gas
SeF₄ - liquid
TeF₄ - gas
down the grp M.M increases
SeX - not possible
exist as dimes Se₂X₂
Se₂Cl₂ →SeCl₄ + Se
KClO₃ / Δ →
AgO₂ / Δ →
KClO₃ / Δ → KCl + O₂
AgO₂ / Δ → Ag + O₂
Manufacture of O₂
I⁻ + O₃ + H₂O
I⁻ + O₃ + H₂O → I + OH⁻
Used to estimate O₃
Nature of Oxides
Grp 1 - Basic
Grp 2 - basic except BeO (Ampho)
Grp 13 -
B₂O₃ - Acidic
₂O₃ - Ampho
₂O₃ - Ampho
₂O₃ - Basic
₂O₃ - Basic
Grp 14 , 15 & 16 - refer notes
Grp 17 - acidic
Mixed and sub oxide - refer notes
O₂ + silent electric discharge / ozonizer
3O₂ ⇄ 2O₃
ΔH = -ve (Endo)
ΔS = -ve (3 molecule - 2 molecule = randomness decreases)
ΔG = +ve for all temp. (ΔG = ΔH - TΔS)
Hg + O₃
Hg + O₃→ HgO₂ + O₂
tailing of Mercury
Rhombic Sulphur
α - Sulphur
Roll-S + CS₂ / Δ → S₈ (Rhombic)
Monoclinic sulphur
β - Sulphur
S₈ (Rhombic) + 365K ⇄ S₈ (Monoclinic/crown)
Eangel Sulphur
S₆ - Chair form
Contact process
Manufacture of H₂SO₄
S + O₂ →SO₂
SO₂ + O₂ in V₂O₅ / 450°C ⇄ SO₃
SO₃ + H₂SO₄(old acid) → H₂S₂O₇
H₂S₂O₇ + H₂O → H₂SO₄
Oxidation of S
Refer notes
S as Ox. , Red. Agent
Refer notes
Oxoacids of Sulhur
Refer notes
Bleaching Agent
SO₂ + H₂O H₂SO₃ → [H] (nascent hydrogen)
Colored molecule + [H] → Reduce form (colorless)
