P Flashcards
What is the general function of the respiratory system?
Oxigenación de la sangre: HEMATOSIS.
Hematosis is the process of gas exchange in the lungs.
Where does hematosis specifically occur?
En la membrana alveolo-capilar.
This is the area between the pulmonary alveoli and the surrounding blood capillaries.
What are the components of the upper airway?
Faringe, Laringe, Tráquea.
These structures are essential for conducting air to the lower respiratory tract.
What is the role of the nasal cavity?
Cavidad nasal se divide en 2 fosas nasales.
It functions in filtering, warming, and humidifying the air.
What are the three types of nasal conchae?
Cornete nasal superior, medio, inferior.
These structures are involved in air filtration and humidification.
What bones form the superior and middle nasal conchae?
Hueso etmoides.
The ethmoid bone is a pneumatic and irregular bone.
What is the significance of the mucosa in the nasal cavity?
Permite el contacto indirecto con la sangre (CALENTAMIENTO).
The mucosa helps to warm the inspired air to body temperature.
What type of airflow occurs in the nasal cavity?
FLUJO TURBULENTO.
Turbulent flow allows for more contact time between air and mucosa compared to laminar flow.
What type of airflow occurs in the oral cavity?
FLUJO LAMINAR.
Laminar flow is faster and less effective at warming and humidifying air.
What is the anatomical continuation of the pharynx?
Esófago.
The esophagus is part of the digestive system, connecting to the pharynx.
What is the function of the pleura in the respiratory system?
Cubiertas membranosas de los pulmones.
The pleura is a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs.
What is the area of gas exchange in the lungs called?
Membrana alveolo-capilar.
This area facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
True or False: The nasal cavity has a smaller space for airflow compared to the oral cavity.
True.
This smaller space increases the contact time with the mucosa.
Fill in the blank: The space through which air passes in the nasal cavity is _______.
infimo.
This limited space creates a turbulent airflow.
What is the function of the bronchi?
Conducir el aire hacia los pulmones.
The bronchi are the main passageways that branch from the trachea into the lungs.
What happens to the air temperature as it passes through the nasal cavity?
Aumenta hasta lograr la temperatura corporal (37).
The nasal mucosa plays a crucial role in warming the air.
What anatomical structures are involved in the pleuropulmonary region?
Pulmones y sus cubiertas membranosas.
This region includes the lungs and the pleura surrounding them.
What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?
Músculo principal en la inhalación.
The diaphragm contracts to allow air to enter the lungs.
What is bronchoconstriction?
Contracción de la musculatura lisa bronquial.
This process can occur in response to cold air, affecting airflow.
What is the function of the epiglottis?
It prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing
The epiglottis is a flap that covers the larynx when swallowing.
What is the hyoid bone?
A bone located in the neck that supports the tongue
It is unique because it does not articulate with any other bones.
What are the false vocal cords also known as?
Cuerdas Vocales Falsas or Bandas Ventriculares
They do not produce sound but help in protecting the airway.
What is the vestibule of the larynx?
The entry of the larynx between the base of the epiglottis and the vestibular folds
It is the upper part of the larynx.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a cartilaginous structure that forms the lower part of the larynx.
Cartilago Cricoides
