P

Question 1

P12

Answer 1

PKCS #12

This format allows for the storage of both public and
private keys in open or encrypted form.

Question 2

P2P

Answer 2

Peer to Peer

A headless file sharing system that has no centralized
point of control and facilitates wide-open file sharing.

Question 3

PaaS

Answer 3

Platform as a Service

A form of access that allows an organization to create
and run its own applications on the cloud.

Question 4

PAC

Answer 4

Proxy Auto Configuration

A JavaScript based technology that regulates the
configuration of browsers and their use of web proxies.

Question 5

PAM

Answer 5

Pluggable Authentication Modules

Dynamically, loadable authentication libraries used on
Linux.

Question 6

PAP

Answer 6

Password Authentication Protocol

This is an insecure authentication protocol, sometimes
used between routers.

Question 7

PAT

Answer 7

Port Address Translation

Address translation that multiplexes many internal
addresses through one or a few external address, linking
connections based upon the source port.

Question 8

Patch

management

Answer 8

Configuration and baseline maintenance

An application designed to identify compliance
deviations and variance from a baseline, and then rectify
it.

Question 9

PBKDF2

Answer 9

Password-based Key Derivation Function 2

This cryptographic function, processes, and otherwise
insecure secret through repeated rounds of hashing to
create a longer key value.

Question 10

PBX

Answer 10

Private Branch Exchange

The point of interface between the public switched
telephone network and an organization’s internal
telephony.

Question 11

PCAP

Answer 11

Packet Capture

Sniffing and recording network data into a file for later
analysis.

Question 12

PCI DSS

Answer 12

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard

A nongovernmental security standard that regulates the
implementation and security of web payment gateways.

Question 13

PDU

Answer 13

Power Distribution Unit

This is a multiple output device that regulates the power
supply and its quality to multiple devices within a rack
of devices in a data center.

Question 14

PE

Answer 14

Portable Executable

This is a format for code run by Windows systems and
32 or 64 bit mode.

Question 15

PEAP

Answer 15

Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol

An EAP form that sends MSCHAP credentials secured
within a TLS envelope.

Question 16

PED

Answer 16

Portable Electronic Device

Small electronics, such as beepers, calendars and note
applications used prior to smartphones.

Question 17

PEM

Answer 17

Privacy-enhanced Electronic Mail

This is one of the oldest formats of certificates and uses
Base64.

Question 18

PFS

Answer 18

Perfect Forward Secrecy

This is the property of Key management where in the
loss of one key is not in danger data encrypted with
earlier session keys.

Question 19

PFX

Answer 19

Personal Exchange Format

A binary format for storing or sending server certificates
and private keys.

Question 20

PGP

Answer 20

Pretty Good Privacy

A widely used cryptosystem initially used for securing
email by encryption and digital signatures.

Question 21

PHI

Answer 21

Personal Health Information

Typically sensitive information regarding the health of
an individual.

Question 22

Phishing

Answer 22

Malicious spam

Bogus messaging sent to a wide array of potential
targets.

Question 23

PII

Answer 23

Personally Identifiable Information

This is data or pieces of data that uniquely correspond to
or identify one individual and requires special handling.

Question 24

PIN

Answer 24

Personal Identification Number

Knowledge-based authentication using a single value or
number.

Question 25

PIV

Answer 25

Personal Identity Verification

An identification card that contains a photograph, RFID,
barcode, and cryptographically stored PKI information.

Question 26

Pivot

Answer 26

Staging new attack

Gaining control of one application or host in order to
manipulate a secondary target.

Question 27

PKCS

Answer 27

Public Key Cryptography Standards

Public-key encryption standards developed by RSA
Security.

Question 28

PKI

Answer 28

Public Key Infrastructure

The processes and management associated with the
identification and validation of certificates and public
keys.

Question 29

PoC

Answer 29

Proof of Concept

An implementation of an idea or theory that establishes
its validity commonly associated with vulnerabilities
and exploits.

Question 30

POODLE

Answer 30

Padding Oracle on Downgrade Legacy Encryption

An attack technique that could subvert confidentiality in
an SSL connection.

Question 31

POP

Answer 31

Post Office Protocol

This protocol listens on TCP/110 and downloads
messages from the server.

Question 32

Port scan

Answer 32

Network mapping and service enumeration

Performing address and host discovery, along with
identifying listening applications.

Question 33

POTS

Answer 33

Plain Old Telephone Service

The old form of telephony that implemented dedicated
copper connections vs. packet advised voice
transmission.

Question 34

PPP

Answer 34

Point-to-Point Protocol

This is a layer 2 technology implemented to facilitate
communication between endpoints or routers.

Question 35

PPTP

Answer 35

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

A largely deprecated protocol used for establishing
tunnels and securing packet ice communication.

Question 36

PSK

Answer 36

Pre-shared Key

Managing key establishment and management by using
pre-established relationships and non-automatic
exchange methods.

Question 37

PUP

Answer 37

Potentially Unwanted Program

Defined by policy, this is software that provides
functionality in violation of authorized use.