P 1 Flashcards
What is the equation to find kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy= 1/2 x mass x speed(squared)
What is energy dissipation?
Energy within a closed system is always conserved. Wasted energy is often thermal energy and ‘dissipates to the surroundings.’
What is a major cause of dissipation?
Friction
Name the 7 types of energy stores
- kinetic
- Thermal (heat)
- Gravitational Potential
- Elastic potential
- Chemical Potential
- Magnetic
- Nuclear
Name the 5 energy transfers
- Electrical
- Light/ radiation
- Heating
- Sound
- Forces/ Mechanically
What is thermal energy?
Anything with a temperature above 0°C
What is kinetic energy?
Anything that is moving.
What is nuclear energy?
Released only from nuclear reactions e.g the sun and all of the stars, hydrogen bomb.
What is sound energy?
Anything noisy gives off sound energy.
What is light energy?
Anything luminous.
What is chemical energy?
Food, fuel and batteries. (Anything with stored energy)
What is electrical energy?
energy derived from electric potential energy or kinetic energy.
What is gravitational energy?
Anything above the ground has gravitational energy.
What is the conservation of energy?
Energy can not be created or destroyed.
What is the equation for energy efficiency?
Energy efficiency (%)= (useful energy output (divided by) total energy input) x100
What is the equation to find gravitational potential energy?
GPE= mass x height x gravity
What is work?
Enegy transferred by a force: work done= force x distance moved in the direction of the force.
What is power?
Power is the rate of doing work. It is measured in Watts (W). 1 watt means 1 joule of work done per second.
What is the equation for velocity?
Velocity= (kinetic energy (divided by) 1/2) x mass
What is the equation to work out enrgy transfered?
Energy transfered= Power x Time
What is the equation to find weight?
Weight= Mass x Gravity
What is the equation to find out work?
Work= Force x Distance
Conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Dissipated energy/ dissipation of energy?
The energy that is not usefully transferred and stored in less useful ways.
Equation of Efficiency?
Useful energy transferred (divided by) total energy supplied to the device.
Elastic potential energy?
Energy stored in an elastic object as a result of it being deformed (e.g streched spring).
Hookes law?
The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied, as long as it’s limit of proportionally is not exceeded.
Input energy?
Energy supplied to a device.
Power?
Energy transformed or transferred per second: unit of power- Watt (W)
Spring constant?
Force per unit extension of a spring.
Useful energy?
Energy transferred to where it is wanted in the way that is wanted.
Wasted energy?
Energy that is not usefully transferred.
