Oxygenation Important Terms

Question 1

acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

Answer 1

sudden decrease in coronary blood flow

Question 2

afterload

Answer 2

resistance to left ventricular ejection - the work the heart must overcome to fully eject blood from the left ventricle

Question 3

angina pectoris

Answer 3

imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand

Question 4

bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP)

Answer 4

ventilator support used to treat patients with obstructive sleep apnea, congestive heart failure, and preterm infants with underdeveloped lungs

Question 5

bronchoscopy

Answer 5

medical procedure using camera to look at lungs

Question 6

capnography

Answer 6

provides instant information about how effectively CO2 is produced by cellular metabolism, transported through the vascular system, and eliminated by pulmonary system

Question 7

cardiac output

Answer 7

volume of blood expelled by the ventricles of the heart
blood ejected at each beat x number of beats in period used for computation

Question 8

chest tube

Answer 8

catheter inserted through thorax into chest cavity to remove air or fluid

Question 9

cheyne-stroke respiration

Answer 9

occurs when there is decreased blood flow or injury to the brainstem

Question 10

compliance

Answer 10

amount of stretch that you have on your lungs

Question 11

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Answer 11

ventilatory support used to treat patients with obstructive sleep apnea, congestive heart failure, and preterm infants with underdeveloped lungs

Question 12

diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 12

respiration in which the abdomen moves out while the diaphragm descends on inspiration

Question 13

dyspnea

Answer 13

difficulty breathing (subjective and objective)

Question 14

electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer 14

graphic record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

Question 15

hematemesis

Answer 15

vomiting blood, means GI bleed

Question 16

hemoptysis

Answer 16

coughing up blood from respiratory tract

Question 17

hemothorax

Answer 17

blood in the pleural cavity

Question 18

hypovolemia

Answer 18

abnormally low circulation blood volume

Question 19

hypoxia

Answer 19

inadequate cellular oxygenation

Question 20

Kussmaul respiration

Answer 20

increase in both rate and depth of respiration

Question 21

myocardial infarction

Answer 21

necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle cause by obstruction in a coronary artery

Question 22

myocardial ischemia

Answer 22

results when supply of blood to the myocardium from coronary arteries is insufficient to meet oxygen demands of organs

Question 23

noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV)

Answer 23

used to prevent using invasive artificial airways in patients with acute respiratory failure, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, or exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 24

orthopnea

Answer 24

condition where person must sit or stand to breathe comfortably

Question 25

perfusion

Answer 25

ability to move oxygenated blood to tissues

Question 26

pneumothorax

Answer 26

collection of air or gas in pleural space

Question 27

preload

Answer 27

volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole, immediately before ventricular contraction

Question 28

stroke volume

Answer 28

amount of blood ejected by the ventricles with each contraction

Question 29

ventilation

Answer 29

movement of oxygen into and out of lungs

Question 30

ventricular fibrillation

Answer 30

progression from ventricular tachycardia which causes sudden cardiac death

Question 31

ventricular tachycardia

Answer 31

life-threatening dysrhythmia because of decreased cardiac output and potential to deteriorate into ventricular fibrillation