Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nur 102 Oxygenation > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

0
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of gases between air spaces and the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is ventilation?

A

The movement of air in and out of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is respiration?

A

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is perfusion?

A

The movement of blood into and out of the lungs to the organs and tissues of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Inadequate tissue oxygenation with a deficiency in oxygen delivery or oxygen utilization at the cellular level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are signs and symptoms of hypoxia?

A

Tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, dizziness, and mental confusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some causes of hypoxia?

A
  • Diminished concentration of inspired oxygen, ex. Airway obstruction
  • COPD
  • Impaired ventilation
  • Shock, poor tissue perfusion w. Oxygenated blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is hypoxemia?

A

An abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in arterial blood, a low partial pressure of oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are symptoms of hypoxemia?

A
  • Pallor
  • Cyanosis
  • Confusion
  • Anxiety
  • Restlessness
  • Diaphoresis
  • Blurred or tunnel vision
  • Nausea/vomiting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are causes of hypoxemia?

A
  • Pneumonia
  • Atelectasis
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is hypoventilation?

A

Occurs when ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demands of the body or to eliminate carbon dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does hypoventilation lead to?

A
  • Hypoxia or hypercapnia
  • arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) level greater than 45mmHg
  • respiratory acidosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is hyperventilation?

A

An increase in respiratory rate, resulting in excessive amounts of carbon dioxide elimination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does hyperventilation lead to?

A

Decreased PaCO2 or hypocapnia

Respiratory alkalosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

Amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is cardiac index?

A

Measure of adequacy of the cardiac output: cardiac index equals cardiac output divided by patients body surface area

16
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

Amount of blood ejected from the ventricle with each contraction. Normal range: 50-75mL per contraction

17
Q

What is preload?

A

Amount of blood in the ventricles at end diastole.

18
Q

What is afterload?

A

Resistance of the ejection of blood from the left ventricle.

19
Q

What is myocardial contractility?

A

The ability of the heart to squeeze blood from the ventricles and prepare for the next contraction.

20
Q

Decreased cardiac output

A

Failure of the myocardium to eject sufficient blood volume to the systemic and pulmonary circulations results in heart failure.

21
Q

Myocardial ischemia

A

Happens when the coronary artery does not supply sufficient blood to the heart muscle.

22
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

When decreased myocardial blood perfusion is extensive or perfusion is completely blocked , the tissue becomes necrotic.

23
Q

Myocardial infarction clinical symptoms

A
  • Severe or crushing chest pain
  • Jaw pain
  • Left arm pain
  • hypotension
24
Q

Impaired valvular function

A

An acquired or congenital disorder of a cardiac valve characterized by stenosis, which results in obstructive blood flow, or valvular degeneration and regurgitation.

25
Q

Left sided heart failure

A

Characterized by impaired functioning of the left ventricle. Usually caused by increased preload or afterload.

26
Q

Signs of left sided heart failure

A
  • Pulmonary congestion
  • Crackles during auscultation
  • Fatigue
  • dyspnea
  • orthopnea
27
Q

Right sided heart failure

A

Results from impaired functioning of the right ventricle, which is typically caused by pulmonary disease or pulmonary hypertension.

28
Q

Right sided heart failure signs

A
  • distended jugular veins

- peripheral edema

29
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Reduced circulating blood volume resulting from extra cellular fluid losses such as in shock or severe dehydration.

30
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

A disturbance in electrical impulse of the heart rhythm. Any rhythm not generated at the SA node is classified as a dysrythmia.

Nur 102 Oxygenation (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions