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peds exam 2 > oxygenation > Flashcards

oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

components of a respiratory assessment

A

O2
cap refill, skin turgor, oral mucosa dry or moist
LOC
position of child
skin color
RR, lung sounds
accessory muscle use? nasal flaring
retractions

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2
Q

respiratory anatomy differences between children and adults

A

diameter of airway is smaller in children than adults
children more prone to obstruction/inflammation/infection

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3
Q

manifestations of respiratory distress in infants

A
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4
Q

manifestations of respiratory distress in children

A
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5
Q

back to sleep campaign

A

no co sleeping
infant on back
nothing in crib

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6
Q

tonsillectomy nursing care

A

monitor for hemorrhage
maintain airway
analgesics for pain 24hrs
NPO until fully awake
no citrus, milk, ice cream
resume normal activity 1-2wks after surgery
avoid gargling, coughing

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7
Q

otitis media patho

A

middle ear infection
inflammation
common under 24 months
pull pinna down and back in children
earlier onset, higher chances of recurrent infections

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8
Q

manifestations of otitis media

A

infant: crying, refusal to feed, fussiness
child: crying, irritable, loss of appetite, lethargy

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9
Q

otitis media treatment

A

antibiotics- finish whole course
acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain
PCV13/ breastfeeding is preventative

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10
Q

what is watch waiting for otitis media?

A

wait for up to 72hrs for children less than 6 months if there is no fever or severe pain present

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11
Q

bronchiolitis patho

A

viral
bronchioles are narrow or occluded due to inflammatory process

usually caused by RSV

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

manifestations of bronchiolitis

A

edema in bronchioles
mucus production
inflammation of bronchioles

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13
Q

bronchiolitis treatment

A

respiratory droplet precautions
antibiotics can not treat this virus
humidification
airway suctioning, HOB elevated
RSV vaccine during fall or spring

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14
Q

RSV vaccine in pregnant moms when?

A

3rd trimester to pass down to baby

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15
Q

foreign body ingestion

A

1-3 years of age
dyspnea, cough, stridor, wheezing, cyanotic, cant speak

chest x-ray or bronchoscopy

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16
Q

foods to avoid in children for ingestion

A

hot dogs
balloons
peanuts
grapes
popcorn
gum
peanut butter
plastic caps
markers
batteries

17
Q

asthma patho

A

inflammatory lung disorder of the small and large airways that cause obstruction
watch for allergic salute/allergic shriners (shiny bags under eyes)

18
Q

peak flow meter

A

every morning for asthma
daily dose even with no symptoms
zone/color determines what activity child can do

19
Q

mild asthma

A

symptoms greater than 2 times per week but less than one per day

20
Q

moderate asthma

A

symptoms daily

21
Q

severe asthma

A

daily symptoms throughout entire day

22
Q

asthma treatment

A

monitor RR, bronchodilators increase HR
diagnosed after 5yrs of age after all spirometry testing is done
SABAS- rescue meds
LABAS - daily meds

23
Q

LABAS

A

daily meds for asthma
inhaled corticosteroids

24
Q

SABAS

A

short acting - rescue meds
anticholinergics
inhaler/ nebulizer treatment

25
Q

is asthma cureable?

A

no, chronic disease
reversible
cannot outgrow asthma

26
Q

cystic fibrosis patho

A

hereditary dysfunction of exocrine glands

autosomal recessive
lungs, sweat glands, pancreas, liver are blocked by mucus

27
Q

cystic fibrosis manifestations

A

salty sweat
meconium ileus - 1st sign
cant fully absorb nutrients
progressive pancreas damage
malabsorption
NA+ cant get into body, goes into skin

28
Q

cystic fibrosis treatment

A

sweat chloride test
replace pancreatic enzymes before every meal
vibration vest 1-4 times a day
increase fat, protein and calorie intake
clear mucus from airways
bronchodilators
possible lung transplant

29
Q

vitamin e

A

antioxidants
protects cells

30
Q

vitamin a

A

growth and immune function

31
Q

vitamin d

A

calcium and phosphate levels

32
Q

vitamin k

A

blood clotting

33
Q

vitamin c

A

increases absorption of other meds

34
Q

croup

A

viral infection of middle respiratory tract
inflammation and edema

most common
least severe

35
Q

focused assessment of croup

A

stridor is the main sign
focus on RR and O2
irritability, barky cough, fever
chest x-ray

36
Q

croup treatment

A

corticosteroids
manage at home with humidity
hydration
hospitalization for progressive stridor and resp distress

37
Q

epiglottitis

A

true medical emergency
rapid swelling of airway inlet/obstruction
bacterial infection
pneumonia is most common

38
Q

epiglottitis focused assessment

A

x-ray of neck
NOTHING BY MOUTH
sudden sore throat
high fever
tripod position

3 D’s dysphagia, dystonia, drooling

39
Q

epiglottitis treatment

A

NO MEDS BY MOUTH
antibiotics, IV therapy, oxygen, Hib vaccine
do not look in throat

peds exam 2 (3 decks)

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