oxygenation Flashcards
Asthma Cues
Hypoxia, audible wheeze, Coughing, increased RR, tachycardia, change in LOC.
Asthma physical assessment
Use of accessory muscles, Cyanosis, Severe=barrel chest
Asthma diagnostic testing
ABG’s, PaO2, PaCO2, peak flow, incentive spirometry, pulse oximetry, nitric oxide measurement
Asthma education
avoid drugs that trigger asthma (NSAIDS,aspirin, beta blockers), avoid food w/ MSG, use inhaler 30 min prior to exercise, wash all bedding in hot water,
Status Asthmaticus treatment
Administer O2 for 95% +, administer bronchodilators/corticosteroids/epinephrine, gain IV access and administer fluids, obtain crash cart and prepare for intubation
Two types of COPD
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis
COPD complications
hypoxemia, acidosis, respiratory infections, cardiac failure (Cor Pulmonale= right sided heart failure), cardiac dysrhythmias
COPD testing
ABG’s, Sputum samples, H&H, CBC, CMP, pulmonary function tests
COPD physical assessment
thin w/loss of muscle mass, sits in tripod position, barrel chest, rapid/shallow/abnormal breathing, accessory muscles, cyanosis, delayed cap refill, edema.
Emphysema
destruction of fragile walls and elastic fibers of alveoli, small airways collapse upon exhaling and impairs airflow.
Emphysema cues
increased CO2, wheezing or coughing, chest tightness, diminished breath sounds and wheezing, finger clubbing.
Chronic Bronchitis
bronchial tube lining of airway is constantly irritated and inflamed; mucus cough is the main difference, affects only airways not alveoli.
Chronic bronchitis cues
cough, production of mucus, nasal congestion, dyspnea, whistling or squeaking sound when breathing, tightness in chest.
COPD solutions
lifestyle changes, drug therapy, positioning, effective coughing, oxygen therapy, exercise conditioning, suctioning, hydration, weight management, minimizing anxiety.
COPD surgical management
lung transplantation, lung volume reduction surgery.
