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OXYGEN AND NEBULIZATION > OXYGEN THERAPY AND NEBULIZATION > Flashcards

OXYGEN THERAPY AND NEBULIZATION Flashcards

1
Q

Replenishes body’s O2 supply and eliminates CO2 from blood

A

Oxygenation

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2
Q

Gaseous exchange between individual and environment

A

Respiration

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3
Q

Processes in Respiration

A
  1. Ventilation - movement of air into and out of lungs
  2. Exchange of gases between lungs and blood
  3. Exchange of gases between blood and alveoli
  4. Transport of O2 and CO2 in blood
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4
Q

exchanges of gases between cells and blood

A

Internal Respiration

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5
Q

exchanges of gases between blood and alveoli

A

External Respiration

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6
Q

temporary cessation of breathing

A

Apnea

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7
Q

difficult or labored breathing

A

Dyspnea

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8
Q

deep or fast breathing; inhaling more than exhaling; decreases CO2

A

Hyperventilation

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9
Q

respiratory depression which leads to CO2 acidosis

A

Hypoventilation

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10
Q

Normal breathing that is rhythmic and effortless

A

Eupnea

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11
Q

Slow breathing, less than 12 bpm

A

Bradypnea

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12
Q

Fast breathing, more than 20 bpm

A

Tachypnea

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13
Q

Able to breathe when sitting in an upright position

A

Orthopnea ( with COPD )

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14
Q

Upper RT

A 
Nasal Cavity
External Nose
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
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15
Q

Lower RT

A

Lungs

Bronchi

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16
Q

Functions of upper RT

A
  1. Transports gases to LRT
  2. Protects LRT from foreign substances
  3. Warms, Filters and Humidifies inspired air
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17
Q

Functions of LT

A
  1. Clearance mechanism: Cough reflex, mucociliary system, macrophages
  2. Immunologic Reactions or responses : Cell-mediated immunity in alveoli
  3. Pulmonary protection : Respiratory epithelium and Mucociliary System
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18
Q

Lung Airway System

A
  1. Primary bronchi
  2. Secondary (Lobar) bronchi
  3. Tertiary (Segmental) bronchi
  4. Bronchioles
  5. Terminal Bronchioles
  6. Respiratory Bronchioles
  7. Alveolar ducts
  8. Alveoli
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19
Q

Normal Ventilation VS. Child’s ventilation

A

12-20 bpm and 20-40 bpm

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20
Q

Primary respiratory system which controls rhythm of respiration

A

Neurons located in medulla oblonggata

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21
Q

Pons: Pneumotaxic center

A

controls the rhythmic quality of breathing

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22
Q

Pons: Apneustic center

A

controls the deep prolonged inspiration

23
Q

LOW FLOW ADMINISTRATION DEVICES

A
  1. Nasal Cannula
  2. Simple Facemask
  3. Partial Rebreathing mask
  4. Non- Rebreathing mask
24
Q

HIGH FLOW ADMINISTRATION DEVICES

A

Venturi Mask

25
Q

24-45 % ( 2-6 LPM )

A

Nasal Cannula

26
Q

50-60% ( 5-8 LPM )

A

Simple Facemask

27
Q

60-90% ( 6-10 LPM )

A

Partial Rebreathing mask

28
Q

100%; 60-90%

A

Non- Rebreathing mask

29
Q

28% ( 2-3 LPM )

A

Venturi Mask

30
Q

Indications for O2 administration

A 
Arterial Blood Gas analysis
Oximetry Monitoring
Clinical Examinations
1. Reduced arterial blood oxygen
2. Increased work breathing
3. Myocardial Workload ( decreased )
31
Q

Hazards of O2 administration

A
  1. Oxygen tonicity
  2. Suppression of Ventilation
  3. Combustion
32
Q

Nasal prongs that deliver a selectively low flow of O2 when minimal O2 support is required

A

Nasal Cannula

33
Q

Advantages for Nasal Cannula

A
  • safe and simple
  • comfortable & easily tolerated
  • can be shaped to fit in any shaped
  • effective for low O2 conc.
  • allow movement, eating and talking
  • inexpensive & disposable
34
Q

Disadvantages for Nasal Cannula

A
  • can’t deliver more than 40 % or 6 LPM
  • not for those w/ complete nasal obstruction
  • headaches
  • dry mucous membranes
  • can dislodge easily
35
Q

Mask that delivers oxygen flow to nose and mouth

A

Simple Facemask

36
Q

Advantages for SFM

A
  • delivers O2 conc. of 40-60%
37
Q

Disadvantages for SFM

A
  • Hot & confining
  • irritate skin
  • tight seal for high conc. that can cause discomfort
  • interferes with talking & eating
  • long - term
38
Q

Has an inflatable bag which stores 100% conc.

A

Partial rebreather mask

39
Q

Advantages for PRBM

A
  • can deliver 40-60%

- allow PX to inhale room air if O2 fails

40
Q

Disadvantages for PRBM

A
  • tight seal may cause discomfort
  • interferes with eating and talking
  • hot & confining
  • causes kinks or twists
  • impractical for long term therapy
41
Q

Has an inflatable bag to store 100% O2 and a one-way valve that prevents exhaled air from entering the bag

A

Non-rebreather mask

42
Q

Advantages for NRBM

A
  • delivers highest percent of O2 60-90%
  • effective for short-term therapy
  • doesn’t dry mucous membranes
  • can be converted to PRBM
43
Q

Disadvantages for NRBM

A
  • can be a source of gas failure
  • tight seal that can be difficult to maintain and may cause discomfort
  • irritate patients skin
  • impractical for long-term therapy
44
Q

high flow device that delivers a fixed oxygen concentration of 24% to 50%. This device is appropriate for patients who have a hypoxic drive to breathe but also need supplemental oxygen

A

Venturi mask

45
Q

Advantages for Venturi mask

A
  • highly accurate O2 conc.
  • dilute jets can be changed
  • doesn’t dry mucous membranes
  • humidity or aerosol can be added
46
Q

Disadvantages for Venturi Mask

A
  • confining and can irritate skin
  • O2 conc. are altered if mask is loose
  • tubing kinks
  • O2 ports can be blocked
  • O2 flow is insufficient
  • condensate may collect if humidification is used
47
Q

Atmospherical Gases

A

O2- 21%
Nitrogen - 78%
Argon,Helium, CO2, Butane - 1%

48
Q

Method for administration of drugs by spraying it into the respiratory passages, may be given with or without CO2

A

Nebulization

49
Q

Device or machine used to change liquid medicine into a fine mist or droplet that are inhaled and delivered to the lungs through a mouthpiece/mask

50
Q

Purposes for Nebulization

A
  • Open collapsed alveoli and deliver medicated aerosol
  • Relieve shortness of breath
  • Help expand lungs and loosen secretions
  • Long term therapy for those with COPD
51
Q

Indications for Nebulization

A
  • for those who have difficulty in raising or expectorating respiratory secretions
  • reduced vital capacity and less costly methhod for removing secretions
52
Q

Contraindications for Nebulization

A
  • inability of px to take deep breathes

- adverse reactions with meds

53
Q

Common side - effects `for Nebulization

A
  • Tachycardia
  • Palpitations
  • Dry oral mucosa
  • Dizziness
  • Nervousness
  • Nausea

OXYGEN AND NEBULIZATION (1 decks)

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