Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 1 Exam > Oxygen Study Cards > Flashcards

Oxygen Study Cards Flashcards

1
Q

SpO2

A

measure of how saturated hemoglobin are with oxygen (measured with pulse oximetry)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ideal SpO2 Reading

A

95-100%-Ideal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Oxygen Saturation can be used to

A

assess oxygen level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

poor oxygenation

A

A decreased oxygen level in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Poor Oxygenation

A

Restlessness/ Confusion, Decreased BP, Cool Extremities, Pallor or Cyanosis of Extremities, Slow capillary refill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

First sign of poor oxygenation

A

Restlessness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pallor or Cyanosis

A

Paleness of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Normal Capillary Refill Rate

A

Normal is less than 3 seconds. It should turn from white to red/pink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tissue ischemia and cell death

A

When oxygen delivery is inadequate to meet
metabolic demands of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hypoxia

A

when your blood doesn’t carry enough oxygen to the tissues to meet the body’s needs. Low oxygen in your tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Early signs of Hypoxia

A

Restlessness, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Dyspnea, Agitation, Diaphoresis, Retractions, Altered LOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Late signs of Hypoxia

A

Restlessness, Somnolence, Stupor, Dyspnea, Low Respiratory rate, Bradycardia, Cyanosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Assess and Implement Nursing Interventions

A

Chest movement, Chest pain, Underlying problems?, position, stay with patient, monitor O2, Airway?, Color?, Dysrhythmias, DK Measurement, Notify Dr. of significant changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lung disease is greatly influenced by what a patient is exposed to in these categories

A

Environmental, Occupational, Personal, Social habits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs where oxygen gets exchanged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pulmonary Diseases are often classified as

A

acute or chronic, obstructive or restrictive, infectious or noninfectious and is caused by alterations in the lungs or heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acute Pulmonary Disease

A

Bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chronic Pulmonary Disease

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

A

Chronis Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Have difficulty exhaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Restrictive Pulmonary Disease

A

Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sarcoidosis. Have difficulty Inhaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Infectious Pulmonary Disease

A

Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Noninfectious Pulmonary Disease

A

Asthma, COPD, Pulmonary Fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Respiratory Alterations

A

Cough (acute or chronic), Dyspnea, Chest pain, Abnormal sputum, Hemoptysis, Altered breathing patterns (tachypnea, bradypnea, use of accessory muscles) Cyanosis, Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tachypnea

A

Fast Breathing, Hyperventilating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are some examples of accessory muscles used with problems breathing?

A

Retractions in neck, diaphragm, Intercostal muscles by ribs, Anterior scalene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Describe the process in which Accessory muscles are used

A

Demand for O2 is increased, causing muscles to work harder, leading to metabolism to increase as well

28
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish Discoloration in fingers, toes, mouth, mucous membranes (nares), earlobes. Cheeks are pale. Notice of pallor of extremities

29
Q

Orthopnea

A

dyspnea when laying down.

30
Q

Treatment for orthopnea

A

Patients can breath better when propped up slightly.
People with chronic lung disorders may sleep better sitting up in a recliner.

31
Q

Clubbing

A

Strange angle of nail bed. Fingers get wide and bulb out. Fingers against each other will not touch. Often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood.

32
Q

Hypoxia

A

low levels of oxygen in the tissues and organs.

33
Q

Hypoxemia

A

low level of oxygen in the blood

34
Q

How to measure for Hypoxia

A

We can assume that a patient with hypoxemia for an extended amount of time has hypoxia. Use Head-To-Toe Assessment-Restlessness, Cyanosis, Stomach cramps, poor perfusion

35
Q

How to measure for Hypoxemia

A

Pulse OX. SpO2 – Oxygen Saturation. 95-100%
Often see orders to “Keep O2 Sats above 92%”

36
Q

Early Symptoms of Hypoxia

A

Restlessness, Anxiety, Tachycardia/Tachypnea (RAT)

37
Q

Late symptoms of Hypoxia

A

Bradycardia, Extreme Restlessness, Dyspnea( severe) (BED)

38
Q

Hypoventilation and causes

A

breathing too shallow or too slow to meet the body’s needs for oxygen. Narcotics, Opioids, sleep

39
Q

Hyperventilation and causes

A

breathing that is too rapid or too deep. Breathing exceeds the body’s metabolic demands. Anxiety, pain, overexertion

40
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Holding onto CO2. Evident in Hypoventilation when breathing is slow

41
Q

Hypocapnia

A

Rapidly blowing CO2 out. Evident in Hyperventilation

42
Q

Atelectasis

A

collapsed air sacs (alveoli). When a person isn’t taking deep breaths, fluid is building up

43
Q

Prevention of Atelectasis

A

Early ambulation-Sit them up
Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe-go in every two hours. Encourage chest expansion
Incentive Spirometry

44
Q

Aspiration

A

passage of gastric contents (fluid or solid) into the lungs. Can cause aspiration pneumonia.

45
Q

Prevention of Aspiration

A

Assess patient’s ability to swallow, Keep head of bed elevated with tube feedings, Thorough lung assessment

46
Q

Assessment of Respiratory System

A

Respiratory Rate
Use of Accessory Muscles
Cyanosis
Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)
Adventitous Breath Sounds
Clubbing
Dyspnea with activity

47
Q

Adventitious Breath Sounds

A

crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, stridor, rubs

48
Q

Fine Crackles

A

Rales. Popping sounds. Velcro. Rubbing Hair together

49
Q

Wheezing

A

More common on expiration

50
Q

Coarse crackles

A

Lots of fluid in lungs. More common on inspiration

51
Q

Rhonchi

A

Wheezing with lots of fluid

52
Q

Bronchial

A

Hear sounds over bronchus upon auscultation

53
Q

Diagnostic Tests

A

Chest X-ray, Arterial Blood Gases, Sputum Culture and Sensitivity, CT Scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Bronchoscopy, Thoracentesis

54
Q

Chest x-ray results

A

Black is good. Atelectasis is white

55
Q

Sputum Culture and Sensitivity

A

Examine sputum in vial and expose to different types of antibiotics to see what will kill it

56
Q

CT Scan

A

With or without IV Dye, Cross section or up and down, More sophisticated than chest Xray

57
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging (Radiology technique), Can’t have metal. Used to see high quality details

58
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Used to look at tissue airway, suck out any gunk (sputum) , take biopsies, and can do at bedside.

59
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Take needle, aspirate fluid out of lungs. Use ultrasound to find where to put needle. Patient is leaned over to increase space between the ribs. Poke needle in, pull fluid out. Getting rid of fluid is going to help patient breath. Also can test the fluid and see how to treat. Can puncture lung and cause pneumothorax

60
Q

Interventions Prior to Oxygen Use to promote lung expansion

A

Position changes frequently – every 2 hours, Keep upright, Increase daily activities; ensure adequate hydration, Coughing exercises, Deep breathing (IS)

61
Q

Interventions Prior to Oxygen Use as Post Operative

A

Deep breathing, TCDB, Splinting incision

62
Q

Albuterol (ProAir) MDI

A

Bronchodilator. Rescue inhaler for acute difficulty breathing (asthma, COPD). Beta 2 agonist (SABAs)Short-Acting Beta Agonist

63
Q

Function and direction of Bronchodilator

A

Stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, relaxing airway smooth muscle, Two puffs inhaled every 4 to 6 hours prn bronchospasm/difficulty breathing, May take 2 puffs 5-30 minutes before exercise

64
Q

Bronchodilator side effects

A

Nervousness, tachycardia, headache, throat irritation

65
Q

Symbicort (budesonide/formeterol inhaled)

A

Corticosteroid/Bronchodilator

66
Q

Functions and directions for Corticosteroid/Bronchodilator

A

MDI: 80mcg/4.5mcg; 160/4.5 mcg, Two puffs bid (2 times/day), Treatment for prevention of asthma attacks and exercise-induced bronchospasm and COPD

Module 1 Exam (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions