OWBM Flashcards
Last major outbreak of OWBM
3-5 year outbreaks but the last one was in 2004, where 1 million tonnes of wheat was lost
Out breaks are…
Serious but sporadic, they’re sporadic due to specific growth stages.
Crops are at most risk if..
Peak adult emergence coincides with GS53-59
What crops can OWBM be found in
Wheat, barley, oats, sometimes in grass, often occurring with leather jackets
Sprayed?
They’re prophylactically sprayed but problematic with non targets
3 reasons of Importance
- Larvae feed on developing grain- grain shrivelling although signs of other problems it’s a good indication of OWBM.
- Poor germination
- Impacts of grain yield and quality
Importance with secondary problems
Grain lost through secondary problems- damage to outer grain layer, facilitating water entry and causes sprouting and secondary fungal attacks
3 examples of prevention
Crop rotations
Break crops
Resistant varieties
Crop rotations
Problematic since impractical to have 10 year rotations due to survival of larvae as cocoons in the soil
Break crop example
OSR can reduce soil population
Resistant varieties examples
From group 1: Skyfall
New ones include: Prince, merit or illuminate
Localised pest
They fly but not far, females can fly into nearby fields so treatment should include surrounding wheat fields
Identify OWBM
Both adult/larvae are orange
What are adult OWBM similar to
Yellow blossom midge
What are OWBM larvae similar to
Sandal gaul midge larvae
How do you know it is OWBM and not sandal gaul midge
Sandal haul midge is more sporadic (not had an outbreak for 30 years) so assume it’s OWBM